You are training an ML model using data stored in BigQuery that contains several values that are considered Personally Identifiable Information (Pll). You need to reduce the sensitivity of the dataset before training your model. Every column is critical to your model. How should you proceed?
You are developing an ML pipeline using Vertex AI Pipelines. You want your pipeline to upload a new version of the XGBoost model to Vertex AI Model Registry and deploy it to a Vertex AI endpoint for online inference. You want to use the simplest approach. What should you do?
You want to train an AutoML model to predict house prices by using a small public dataset stored in BigQuery. You need to prepare the data and want to use the simplest most efficient approach. What should you do?
You have developed an AutoML tabular classification model that identifies high-value customers who interact with your organization ' s website.
You plan to deploy the model to a new Vertex Al endpoint that will integrate with your website application. You expect higher traffic to the website during
nights and weekends. You need to configure the model endpoint ' s deployment settings to minimize latency and cost. What should you do?
You are working on a system log anomaly detection model for a cybersecurity organization. You have developed the model using TensorFlow, and you plan to use it for real-time prediction. You need to create a Dataflow pipeline to ingest data via Pub/Sub and write the results to BigQuery. You want to minimize the serving latency as much as possible. What should you do?
You have deployed a scikit-learn model to a Vertex Al endpoint using a custom model server. You enabled auto scaling; however, the deployed model fails to scale beyond one replica, which led to dropped requests. You notice that CPU utilization remains low even during periods of high load. What should you do?
You have developed a BigQuery ML model that predicts customer churn and deployed the model to Vertex Al Endpoints. You want to automate the retraining of your model by using minimal additional code when model feature values change. You also want to minimize the number of times that your model is retrained to reduce training costs. What should you do?
You work for an advertising company and want to understand the effectiveness of your company ' s latest advertising campaign. You have streamed 500 MB of campaign data into BigQuery. You want to query the table, and then manipulate the results of that query with a pandas dataframe in an Al Platform notebook. What should you do?
You are tasked with building an MLOps pipeline to retrain tree-based models in production. The pipeline will include components related to data ingestion, data processing, model training, model evaluation, and model deployment. Your organization primarily uses PySpark-based workloads for data preprocessing. You want to minimize infrastructure management effort. How should you set up the pipeline?
Your work for a textile manufacturing company. Your company has hundreds of machines and each machine has many sensors. Your team used the sensory data to build hundreds of ML models that detect machine anomalies Models are retrained daily and you need to deploy these models in a cost-effective way. The models must operate 24/7 without downtime and make sub millisecond predictions. What should you do?
You are working on a binary classification ML algorithm that detects whether an image of a classified scanned document contains a company’s logo. In the dataset, 96% of examples don’t have the logo, so the dataset is very skewed. Which metrics would give you the most confidence in your model?
You work for a magazine publisher and have been tasked with predicting whether customers will cancel their annual subscription. In your exploratory data analysis, you find that 90% of individuals renew their subscription every year, and only 10% of individuals cancel their subscription. After training a NN Classifier, your model predicts those who cancel their subscription with 99% accuracy and predicts those who renew their subscription with 82% accuracy. How should you interpret these results?
Your company ' s business stakeholders want to understand the factors driving customer churn to inform their business strategy. You need to build a customer churn prediction model that prioritizes simple interpretability of your model ' s results. You need to choose the ML framework and modeling technique that will explain which features led to the prediction. What should you do?
You are training models in Vertex Al by using data that spans across multiple Google Cloud Projects You need to find track, and compare the performance of the different versions of your models Which Google Cloud services should you include in your ML workflow?
You are developing an image recognition model using PyTorch based on ResNet50 architecture Your code is working fine on your local laptop on a small subsample. Your full dataset has 200k labeled images You want to quickly scale your training workload while minimizing cost. You plan to use 4 V100 GPUs What should you do?
You work for a company that sells corporate electronic products to thousands of businesses worldwide. Your company stores historical customer data in BigQuery. You need to build a model that predicts customer lifetime value over the next three years. You want to use the simplest approach to build the model and you want to have access to visualization tools. What should you do?
You are developing models to classify customer support emails. You created models with TensorFlow Estimators using small datasets on your on-premises system, but you now need to train the models using large datasets to ensure high performance. You will port your models to Google Cloud and want to minimize code refactoring and infrastructure overhead for easier migration from on-prem to cloud. What should you do?
You work at a gaming startup that has several terabytes of structured data in Cloud Storage. This data includes gameplay time data user metadata and game metadata. You want to build a model that recommends new games to users that requires the least amount of coding. What should you do?
You have recently developed a custom model for image classification by using a neural network. You need to automatically identify the values for learning rate, number of layers, and kernel size. To do this, you plan to run multiple jobs in parallel to identify the parameters that optimize performance. You want to minimize custom code development and infrastructure management. What should you do?
You work on the data science team for a multinational beverage company. You need to develop an ML model to predict the company’s profitability for a new line of naturally flavored bottled waters in different locations. You are provided with historical data that includes product types, product sales volumes, expenses, and profits for all regions. What should you use as the input and output for your model?
You work for a startup that has multiple data science workloads. Your compute infrastructure is currently on-premises. and the data science workloads are native to PySpark Your team plans to migrate their data science workloads to Google Cloud You need to build a proof of concept to migrate one data science job to Google Cloud You want to propose a migration process that requires minimal cost and effort. What should you do first?
You work for a toy manufacturer that has been experiencing a large increase in demand. You need to build an ML model to reduce the amount of time spent by quality control inspectors checking for product defects. Faster defect detection is a priority. The factory does not have reliable Wi-Fi. Your company wants to implement the new ML model as soon as possible. Which model should you use?
You work for a retail company. You have been tasked with building a model to determine the probability of churn for each customer. You need the predictions to be interpretable so the results can be used to develop marketing campaigns that target at-risk customers. What should you do?
You work for a retailer that sells clothes to customers around the world. You have been tasked with ensuring that ML models are built in a secure manner. Specifically, you need to protect sensitive customer data that might be used in the models. You have identified four fields containing sensitive data that are being used by your data science team: AGE, IS_EXISTING_CUSTOMER, LATITUDE_LONGITUDE, and SHIRT_SIZE. What should you do with the data before it is made available to the data science team for training purposes?
You are developing an ML pipeline using Vertex Al Pipelines. You want your pipeline to upload a new version of the XGBoost model to Vertex Al Model Registry and deploy it to Vertex Al End points for online inference. You want to use the simplest approach. What should you do?
Your company manages a video sharing website where users can watch and upload videos. You need to
create an ML model to predict which newly uploaded videos will be the most popular so that those videos can be prioritized on your company’s website. Which result should you use to determine whether the model is successful?
You have been given a dataset with sales predictions based on your company’s marketing activities. The data is structured and stored in BigQuery, and has been carefully managed by a team of data analysts. You need to prepare a report providing insights into the predictive capabilities of the data. You were asked to run several ML models with different levels of sophistication, including simple models and multilayered neural networks. You only have a few hours to gather the results of your experiments. Which Google Cloud tools should you use to complete this task in the most efficient and self-serviced way?
You are developing an ML model intended to classify whether X-Ray images indicate bone fracture risk. You have trained on Api Resnet architecture on Vertex AI using a TPU as an accelerator, however you are unsatisfied with the trainning time and use memory usage. You want to quickly iterate your training code but make minimal changes to the code. You also want to minimize impact on the models accuracy. What should you do?
You are training an ML model on a large dataset. You are using a TPU to accelerate the training process You notice that the training process is taking longer than expected. You discover that the TPU is not reaching its full capacity. What should you do?
You work at an ecommerce startup. You need to create a customer churn prediction model Your company ' s recent sales records are stored in a BigQuery table You want to understand how your initial model is making predictions. You also want to iterate on the model as quickly as possible while minimizing cost How should you build your first model?
You need to develop a custom TensorRow model that will be used for online predictions. The training data is stored in BigQuery. You need to apply instance-level data transformations to the data for model training and serving. You want to use the same preprocessing routine during model training and serving. How should you configure the preprocessing routine?
You work at a bank. You need to develop a credit risk model to support loan application decisions You decide to implement the model by using a neural network in TensorFlow Due to regulatory requirements, you need to be able to explain the models predictions based on its features When the model is deployed, you also want to monitor the model ' s performance overtime You decided to use Vertex Al for both model development and deployment What should you do?
You need to analyze user activity data from your company’s mobile applications. Your team will use BigQuery for data analysis, transformation, and experimentation with ML algorithms. You need to ensure real-time ingestion of the user activity data into BigQuery. What should you do?
You are the Director of Data Science at a large company, and your Data Science team has recently begun using the Kubeflow Pipelines SDK to orchestrate their training pipelines. Your team is struggling to integrate their custom Python code into the Kubeflow Pipelines SDK. How should you instruct them to proceed in order to quickly integrate their code with the Kubeflow Pipelines SDK?
You are an ML engineer on an agricultural research team working on a crop disease detection tool to detect leaf rust spots in images of crops to determine the presence of a disease. These spots, which can vary in shape and size, are correlated to the severity of the disease. You want to develop a solution that predicts the presence and severity of the disease with high accuracy. What should you do?
During batch training of a neural network, you notice that there is an oscillation in the loss. How should you adjust your model to ensure that it converges?
You are developing a mode! to detect fraudulent credit card transactions. You need to prioritize detection because missing even one fraudulent transaction could severely impact the credit card holder. You used AutoML to tram a model on users ' profile information and credit card transaction data. After training the initial model, you notice that the model is failing to detect many fraudulent transactions. How should you adjust the training parameters in AutoML to improve model performance?
Choose 2 answers
You are developing an ML model using a dataset with categorical input variables. You have randomly split half of the data into training and test sets. After applying one-hot encoding on the categorical variables in the training set, you discover that one categorical variable is missing from the test set. What should you do?
You recently used XGBoost to train a model in Python that will be used for online serving Your model prediction service will be called by a backend service implemented in Golang running on a Google Kubemetes Engine (GKE) cluster Your model requires pre and postprocessing steps You need to implement the processing steps so that they run at serving time You want to minimize code changes and infrastructure maintenance and deploy your model into production as quickly as possible. What should you do?
You work for a biotech startup that is experimenting with deep learning ML models based on properties of biological organisms. Your team frequently works on early-stage experiments with new architectures of ML models, and writes custom TensorFlow ops in C++. You train your models on large datasets and large batch sizes. Your typical batch size has 1024 examples, and each example is about 1 MB in size. The average size of a network with all weights and embeddings is 20 GB. What hardware should you choose for your models?
You need to quickly build and train a model to predict the sentiment of customer reviews with custom categories without writing code. You do not have enough data to train a model from scratch. The resulting model should have high predictive performance. Which service should you use?
You work for an online publisher that delivers news articles to over 50 million readers. You have built an AI model that recommends content for the company’s weekly newsletter. A recommendation is considered successful if the article is opened within two days of the newsletter’s published date and the user remains on the page for at least one minute.
All the information needed to compute the success metric is available in BigQuery and is updated hourly. The model is trained on eight weeks of data, on average its performance degrades below the acceptable baseline after five weeks, and training time is 12 hours. You want to ensure that the model’s performance is above the acceptable baseline while minimizing cost. How should you monitor the model to determine when retraining is necessary?
You were asked to investigate failures of a production line component based on sensor readings. After receiving the dataset, you discover that less than 1% of the readings are positive examples representing failure incidents. You have tried to train several classification models, but none of them converge. How should you resolve the class imbalance problem?
You work for a company that sells corporate electronic products to thousands of businesses worldwide. Your company stores historical customer data in BigQuery. You need to build a model that predicts customer lifetime value over the next three years. You want to use the simplest approach to build the model. What should you do?
Your organization wants to make its internal shuttle service route more efficient. The shuttles currently stop at all pick-up points across the city every 30 minutes between 7 am and 10 am. The development team has already built an application on Google Kubernetes Engine that requires users to confirm their presence and shuttle station one day in advance. What approach should you take?
You work for a semiconductor manufacturing company. You need to create a real-time application that automates the quality control process High-definition images of each semiconductor are taken at the end of the assembly line in real time. The photos are uploaded to a Cloud Storage bucket along with tabular data that includes each semiconductor ' s batch number serial number dimensions, and weight You need to configure model training and serving while maximizing model accuracy. What should you do?
You are a lead ML engineer at a retail company. You want to track and manage ML metadata in a centralized way so that your team can have reproducible experiments by generating artifacts. Which management solution should you recommend to your team?
You are developing an ML model in a Vertex Al Workbench notebook. You want to track artifacts and compare models during experimentation using different approaches. You need to rapidly and easily transition successful experiments to production as you iterate on your model implementation. What should you do?
You manage a team of data scientists who use a cloud-based backend system to submit training jobs. This system has become very difficult to administer, and you want to use a managed service instead. The data scientists you work with use many different frameworks, including Keras, PyTorch, theano, scikit-learn, and custom libraries. What should you do?
You work at a leading healthcare firm developing state-of-the-art algorithms for various use cases You have unstructured textual data with custom labels You need to extract and classify various medical phrases with these labels What should you do?
Your team has been tasked with creating an ML solution in Google Cloud to classify support requests for one of your platforms. You analyzed the requirements and decided to use TensorFlow to build the classifier so that you have full control of the model ' s code, serving, and deployment. You will use Kubeflow pipelines for the ML platform. To save time, you want to build on existing resources and use managed services instead of building a completely new model. How should you build the classifier?
You have created a Vertex Al pipeline that includes two steps. The first step preprocesses 10 TB data completes in about 1 hour, and saves the result in a Cloud Storage bucket The second step uses the processed data to train a model You need to update the model ' s code to allow you to test different algorithms You want to reduce pipeline execution time and cost, while also minimizing pipeline changes What should you do?
You are a data scientist at an industrial equipment manufacturing company. You are developing a regression model to estimate the power consumption in the company’s manufacturing plants based on sensor data collected from all of the plants. The sensors collect tens of millions of records every day. You need to schedule daily training runs for your model that use all the data collected up to the current date. You want your model to scale smoothly and require minimal development work. What should you do?
You recently deployed a pipeline in Vertex Al Pipelines that trains and pushes a model to a Vertex Al endpoint to serve real-time traffic. You need to continue experimenting and iterating on your pipeline to improve model performance. You plan to use Cloud Build for CI/CD You want to quickly and easily deploy new pipelines into production and you want to minimize the chance that the new pipeline implementations will break in production. What should you do?
You have a large corpus of written support cases that can be classified into 3 separate categories: Technical Support, Billing Support, or Other Issues. You need to quickly build, test, and deploy a service that will automatically classify future written requests into one of the categories. How should you configure the pipeline?
You have trained a model by using data that was preprocessed in a batch Dataflow pipeline Your use case requires real-time inference. You want to ensure that the data preprocessing logic is applied consistently between training and serving. What should you do?
You are an AI engineer working for a popular video streaming platform. You built a classification model using PyTorch to predict customer churn. Each week, the customer retention team plans to contact customers identified as at-risk for churning with personalized offers. You want to deploy the model while minimizing maintenance effort. What should you do?
You are developing a recommendation engine for an online clothing store. The historical customer transaction data is stored in BigQuery and Cloud Storage. You need to perform exploratory data analysis (EDA), preprocessing and model training. You plan to rerun these EDA, preprocessing, and training steps as you experiment with different types of algorithms. You want to minimize the cost and development effort of running these steps as you experiment. How should you configure the environment?
You work for an international manufacturing organization that ships scientific products all over the world Instruction manuals for these products need to be translated to 15 different languages Your organization ' s leadership team wants to start using machine learning to reduce the cost of manual human translations and increase translation speed. You need to implement a scalable solution that maximizes accuracy and minimizes operational overhead. You also want to include a process to evaluate and fix incorrect translations. What should you do?
You recently built the first version of an image segmentation model for a self-driving car. After deploying the model, you observe a decrease in the area under the curve (AUC) metric. When analyzing the video recordings, you also discover that the model fails in highly congested traffic but works as expected when there is less traffic. What is the most likely reason for this result?
Your data science team has requested a system that supports scheduled model retraining, Docker containers, and a service that supports autoscaling and monitoring for online prediction requests. Which platform components should you choose for this system?
Your data science team has requested a system that supports scheduled model retraining, Docker containers, and a service that supports autoscaling and monitoring for online prediction requests. Which platform components should you choose for this system?
You are building a predictive maintenance model to preemptively detect part defects in bridges. You plan to use high definition images of the bridges as model inputs. You need to explain the output of the model to the relevant stakeholders so they can take appropriate action. How should you build the model?
You are an ML engineer at a travel company. You have been researching customers’ travel behavior for many years, and you have deployed models that predict customers’ vacation patterns. You have observed that customers’ vacation destinations vary based on seasonality and holidays; however, these seasonal variations are similar across years. You want to quickly and easily store and compare the model versions and performance statistics across years. What should you do?
You are an ML engineer at a manufacturing company You are creating a classification model for a predictive maintenance use case You need to predict whether a crucial machine will fail in the next three days so that the repair crew has enough time to fix the machine before it breaks. Regular maintenance of the machine is relatively inexpensive, but a failure would be very costly You have trained several binary classifiers to predict whether the machine will fail. where a prediction of 1 means that the ML model predicts a failure.
You are now evaluating each model on an evaluation dataset. You want to choose a model that prioritizes detection while ensuring that more than 50% of the maintenance jobs triggered by your model address an imminent machine failure. Which model should you choose?
You developed a Transformer model in TensorFlow to translate text Your training data includes millions of documents in a Cloud Storage bucket. You plan to use distributed training to reduce training time. You need to configure the training job while minimizing the effort required to modify code and to manage the clusters configuration. What should you do?
You are going to train a DNN regression model with Keras APIs using this code:
How many trainable weights does your model have? (The arithmetic below is correct.)
Your data science team needs to rapidly experiment with various features, model architectures, and hyperparameters. They need to track the accuracy metrics for various experiments and use an API to query the metrics over time. What should they use to track and report their experiments while minimizing manual effort?
You work for a company that manages a ticketing platform for a large chain of cinemas. Customers use a mobile app to search for movies they’re interested in and purchase tickets in the app. Ticket purchase requests are sent to Pub/Sub and are processed with a Dataflow streaming pipeline configured to conduct the following steps:
1. Check for availability of the movie tickets at the selected cinema.
2. Assign the ticket price and accept payment.
3. Reserve the tickets at the selected cinema.
4. Send successful purchases to your database.
Each step in this process has low latency requirements (less than 50 milliseconds). You have developed a logistic regression model with BigQuery ML that predicts whether offering a promo code for free popcorn increases the chance of a ticket purchase, and this prediction should be added to the ticket purchase process. You want to identify the simplest way to deploy this model to production while adding minimal latency. What should you do?
You work for a retail company that is using a regression model built with BigQuery ML to predict product sales. This model is being used to serve online predictions Recently you developed a new version of the model that uses a different architecture (custom model) Initial analysis revealed that both models are performing as expected You want to deploy the new version of the model to production and monitor the performance over the next two months You need to minimize the impact to the existing and future model users How should you deploy the model?
Your team needs to build a model that predicts whether images contain a driver ' s license, passport, or credit card. The data engineering team already built the pipeline and generated a dataset composed of 10,000 images with driver ' s licenses, 1,000 images with passports, and 1,000 images with credit cards. You now have to train a model with the following label map: [ ' driversjicense ' , ' passport ' , ' credit_card ' ]. Which loss function should you use?
You are training an object detection machine learning model on a dataset that consists of three million X-ray images, each roughly 2 GB in size. You are using Vertex AI Training to run a custom training application on a Compute Engine instance with 32-cores, 128 GB of RAM, and 1 NVIDIA P100 GPU. You notice that model training is taking a very long time. You want to decrease training time without sacrificing model performance. What should you do?
You are training an LSTM-based model on Al Platform to summarize text using the following job submission script:
You want to ensure that training time is minimized without significantly compromising the accuracy of your model. What should you do?
You created a model that uses BigQuery ML to perform linear regression. You need to retrain the model on the cumulative data collected every week. You want to minimize the development effort and the scheduling cost. What should you do?
You are training an object detection model using a Cloud TPU v2. Training time is taking longer than expected. Based on this simplified trace obtained with a Cloud TPU profile, what action should you take to decrease training time in a cost-efficient way?
You work at a gaming startup that has several terabytes of structured data in Cloud Storage. This data includes gameplay time data, user metadata, and game metadata. You want to build a model that recommends new games to users that requires the least amount of coding. What should you do?
Your organization ' s call center has asked you to develop a model that analyzes customer sentiments in each call. The call center receives over one million calls daily, and data is stored in Cloud Storage. The data collected must not leave the region in which the call originated, and no Personally Identifiable Information (Pll) can be stored or analyzed. The data science team has a third-party tool for visualization and access which requires a SQL ANSI-2011 compliant interface. You need to select components for data processing and for analytics. How should the data pipeline be designed?
You work for a company that is developing an application to help users with meal planning You want to use machine learning to scan a corpus of recipes and extract each ingredient (e g carrot, rice pasta) and each kitchen cookware (e.g. bowl, pot spoon) mentioned Each recipe is saved in an unstructured text file What should you do?
You have been asked to productionize a proof-of-concept ML model built using Keras. The model was trained in a Jupyter notebook on a data scientist’s local machine. The notebook contains a cell that performs data validation and a cell that performs model analysis. You need to orchestrate the steps contained in the notebook and automate the execution of these steps for weekly retraining. You expect much more training data in the future. You want your solution to take advantage of managed services while minimizing cost. What should you do?
You work for an online grocery store. You recently developed a custom ML model that recommends a recipe when a user arrives at the website. You chose the machine type on the Vertex Al endpoint to optimize costs by using the queries per second (QPS) that the model can serve, and you deployed it on a single machine with 8 vCPUs and no accelerators.
A holiday season is approaching and you anticipate four times more traffic during this time than the typical daily traffic You need to ensure that the model can scale efficiently to the increased demand. What should you do?
You are developing an ML model that predicts the cost of used automobiles based on data such as location, condition model type color, and engine- ' battery efficiency. The data is updated every night Car dealerships will use the model to determine appropriate car prices. You created a Vertex Al pipeline that reads the data splits the data into training/evaluation/test sets performs feature engineering trains the model by using the training dataset and validates the model by using the evaluation dataset. You need to configure a retraining workflow that minimizes cost What should you do?
You are experimenting with a built-in distributed XGBoost model in Vertex AI Workbench user-managed notebooks. You use BigQuery to split your data into training and validation sets using the following queries:
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE ‘myproject.mydataset.training‘ AS
(SELECT * FROM ‘myproject.mydataset.mytable‘ WHERE RAND() < = 0.8);
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE ‘myproject.mydataset.validation‘ AS
(SELECT * FROM ‘myproject.mydataset.mytable‘ WHERE RAND() < = 0.2);
After training the model, you achieve an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC ROC) value of 0.8, but after deploying the model to production, you notice that your model performance has dropped to an AUC ROC value of 0.65. What problem is most likely occurring?
Your company manages an application that aggregates news articles from many different online sources and sends them to users. You need to build a recommendation model that will suggest articles to readers that are similar to the articles they are currently reading. Which approach should you use?
You are creating a social media app where pet owners can post images of their pets. You have one million user uploaded images with hashtags. You want to build a comprehensive system that recommends images to users that are similar in appearance to their own uploaded images.
What should you do?
You are training a TensorFlow model on a structured data set with 100 billion records stored in several CSV files. You need to improve the input/output execution performance. What should you do?
You work at a bank You have a custom tabular ML model that was provided by the bank ' s vendor. The training data is not available due to its sensitivity. The model is packaged as a Vertex Al Model serving container which accepts a string as input for each prediction instance. In each string the feature values are separated by commas. You want to deploy this model to production for online predictions, and monitor the feature distribution over time with minimal effort What should you do?
You have trained a deep neural network model on Google Cloud. The model has low loss on the training data, but is performing worse on the validation data. You want the model to be resilient to overfitting. Which strategy should you use when retraining the model?
You work for a multinational organization that has recently begun operations in Spain. Teams within your organization will need to work with various Spanish documents, such as business, legal, and financial documents. You want to use machine learning to help your organization get accurate translations quickly and with the least effort. Your organization does not require domain-specific terms or jargon. What should you do?
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