Pearson CAS-005 New Attempt

The output indicates that the software tool contains hard-coded credentials, which attackers can exploit to bypass user access controls and load the database. The mostlikely recommendation is to remove hard-coded credentials from the source code. Here’s why:

Security Best Practices: Hard-coded credentials are a significant security risk because they can be easily discovered through reverse engineering or simple inspection of the code. Removing them reduces the risk of unauthorized access.

Credential Management: Credentials should be managed securely using environment variables, secure vaults, or configuration management tools that provide encryption and access controls.

Mitigation of Exploits: By eliminating hard-coded credentials, the organization can prevent attackers from easily bypassing authentication mechanisms and gaining unauthorized access to sensitive systems.

A central logging server ensures logs are collected in a tamper-proof manner and only ingested (not modified). This prevents attackers from altering logs locally.

Key concepts:

Logs should be centrally stored to prevent tampering.

Enabling log forwarding to a secure SIEM improves integrity.

Other options:

A (File monitoring tool) helps detect file changes but doesn’t prevent log tampering.

B (Changing log solutions) does not inherently improve security.

D (Log rotation and encryption) is best practice but does not prevent modification before transmission.

The user-agent string can providevaluable information to distinguish between legitimate and bot-related traffic. It contains details about the browser, device, and sometimes the operating system of the client making the request.

Why Use User-Agent String?

Identify Patterns: User-agent strings can help identify patterns that are typical of bots or legitimate users.

Block Malicious Bots: Many bots use known user-agent strings, and identifying these can help block malicious requests.

Anomalies Detection: Anomalous user-agent strings can indicate spoofing attempts or malicious activity.

Other options provide useful information but may not be as effective for initial determination of the nature of the request:

B. Byte length of the request: This can indicate anomalies but does not provide detailed information about the client.

C. Web application headers: While useful, they may not provide enough distinction between legitimate and bot traffic.

D. HTML encoding field: This is not typically used for identifying the nature of the request.

Remote journaling continuously sends log updates to a remote system, ensuring near-real-time backup and an RPO (Recovery Point Objective) under one hour.

Key concepts:

RPO under one hour means minimal data loss.

Remote journaling provides rapid recovery by keeping near-live backups.

Other options:

A(Full disk encryption) protects against unauthorized access but does not aid recovery.

C (Immutable storage) prevents modification but does not ensure real-time backups.

D (RAID 10) improves redundancy but does not help against ransomware.