CAS-005 Premium Exam Questions

To mitigate the identified vulnerabilities, the followingsolutions are most appropriate:

A. Implementing data loss prevention (DLP): DLP solutions help prevent the unauthorized transfer of data outside the organization. This directly addresses the exfiltration of intellectual property by monitoring, detecting, and blocking sensitive data transfers.

E. Enabling modern authentication that supports Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): This significantly enhances security by requiring additional verification methods beyond just passwords. It addresses the issue of weak user passwords by making it much harder for unauthorized users to gain access, even if they obtain the password.

Other options, while useful in specific contexts, do not address all the vulnerabilities mentioned:

B. Deploying file integrity monitoring helps detect changes to files but does not prevent data exfiltration or address weak passwords.

C. Restricting access to critical file services improves security but is not comprehensive enough to mitigate all identified vulnerabilities.

D. Deploying directory-based group policies can enforce security policies but might not directly prevent data exfiltration or ensure strong authentication.

F. Implementing a version control system helps manage changes to files but is not a security measure for preventing the identified vulnerabilities.

G. Implementing a CMDB platform (Configuration Management Database) helps manage IT assets but does not address the specific security issues mentioned.

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Understand the QuestionRequirements:The goal is to use a regular expression (regex) to match software versions 10.0 through 10.3, but exclude version 10.4.

Review Regex Syntax:

[ ] indicates a character set (matches any one character in the set).

[0-3] matches any digit between 0 and 3.

\. escapes the period (.) so it matches a literal period instead of acting as a wildcard.

( ) groups parts of the regex together.

Analyze Each Option:

Option A: Reader(*)[1][0].[0-4:

Incorrect. The use of (*) is not valid syntax in this context and [0-4 is incomplete or misformatted.

Option B: Reader[11[01X.f0-3'

Incorrect. This is an invalid regex syntax, mixing character sets and mismatched brackets.

Option C: Reader( )[1][0].[0-3:

Correct. This regex is valid and matches "Reader 10.0", "Reader 10.1", "Reader 10.2", and "Reader 10.3" while excluding "Reader 10.4".

Breakdown:

Reader: Matches the text "Reader".

[1][0]: Matches "10" as a combination of two characters.

\.: Matches the literal period.

[0-3]: Matches any single digit between 0 and 3.

Option D: Reader( )[1][0] X.[1-3:

Incorrect. The syntax X.[1-3 is invalid, and this does not match the required versions.

Conclusion:The regex in Option C correctly identifies all affected versions (10.0, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3) while excluding the unaffected version (10.4).

The table shows that the user "SALES1" is consistently blocked despite having met the MFA requirements. The common factor in these blocked attempts is the source IP address (8.11.4.16) being identified as from Germany while the user is assigned to France. This discrepancy suggests that the network geolocation is being misidentified by the authentication server, causing legitimate access attempts to be blocked.

Why Network Geolocation Misidentification?

Geolocation Accuracy: Authentication systems often use IP geolocation to verify the location of access attempts. Incorrect geolocation data can lead to legitimate requests being denied if they appear to come from unexpected locations.

Security Policies: Company security policies might block access attempts from certain locations to prevent unauthorized access. If the geolocation is wrong, legitimate users can be inadvertently blocked.

Consistent Pattern: The user "SALES1" from the IP address 8.11.4.16 is always blocked, indicating a consistent issue with geolocation.

Other options do not align with the pattern observed:

A. Bypass MFA requirements: MFA is satisfied, so bypassing MFA is not the issue.

C. Administrator access policy: This is about user access, not specific administrator access.

D. OTP codes: The user has satisfied MFA, so OTP code configuration is not the issue.

The code function provided in the question seems tobe designed to parse JSON formatted logs to check for an alarm state. Option A is a JSON format that matches the structure likely expected by the code. The presence of the "error_log" and "InAlarmState" keys suggests that this is the correct input format.