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CompTIA SecurityX Certification Exam Questions and Answers

Question 33

A user from the sales department opened a suspicious file attachment. The sales department then contacted the SOC to investigate a number of unresponsive systems, and the team successfully identified the file and the origin of the attack. Which of the following is the next step of the incident response plan?

Options:

Remediation

Containment

Response

Recovery

Question 34

A security engineer needs to review the configurations of several devices on the network to meet the following requirements:

• The PostgreSQL server must only allow connectivity in the 10.1.2.0/24

subnet.

• The SSH daemon on the database server must be configured to listen

to port 4022.

• The SSH daemon must only accept connections from a Single

workstation.

• All host-based firewalls must be disabled on all workstations.

• All devices must have the latest updates from within the past eight

days.

•All HDDs must be configured to secure data at rest.

• Cleartext services are not allowed.

• All devices must be hardened when possible.

Instructions:

Click on the various workstations and network devices to review the posture assessment results. Remediate any possible issues or indicate that no issue is found.

Click on Server A to review output data. Select commands in the appropriate tab to remediate connectivity problems to the pOSTGREsql DATABASE VIA ssh

WAP A

PC A

Laptop A

Switch A

Switch B:

Laptop B

PC B

PC C

Server A

Options:

Answer:

See the Explanation below for the solution.

Explanation:

WAP A: No issue found. The WAP A is configured correctly and meets therequirements.

PC A = Enable host-based firewall to block all traffic

This option will turn off the host-based firewall and allow all traffic to pass through. This will comply with the requirement and also improve the connectivity of PC A to other devices on the network. However, this option will also reduce the security of PC A and make it more vulnerable to attacks. Therefore, it is recommended to use other security measures, such as antivirus, encryption, and password complexity, to protect PC A from potential threats.

Laptop A: Patch management

This option will install the updates that are available for Laptop A and ensure that it has the most recent security patches and bug fixes. This will comply with the requirement and also improve the performance and stability of Laptop A. However, this option may also require a reboot of Laptop A and some downtime during the update process. Therefore, it is recommended to backup any important data and close any open applications before applying the updates.

Switch A: No issue found. The Switch A is configured correctly and meets the requirements.

Switch B: No issue found. The Switch B is configured correctly and meets the requirements.

Laptop B: Disable unneeded services

This option will stop and disable the telnet service that is using port 23 on Laptop B. Telnet is a cleartext service that transmits data in plain text over the network, which exposes it to eavesdropping, interception, and modification by attackers. By disabling the telnet service, you will comply with the requirement and also improve the security of Laptop B. However, this option may also affect the functionality of Laptop B if it needs to use telnet for remote administration or other purposes. Therefore,it is recommended to use a secure alternative to telnet, such as SSH or HTTPS, that encrypts the data in transit.

PC B: Enable disk encryption

This option will encrypt the HDD of PC B using a tool such as BitLocker or VeraCrypt. Disk encryption is a technique that protects data at rest by converting it into an unreadable format that can only be decrypted with a valid key or password. By enabling disk encryption, you will comply with the requirement and also improve the confidentiality and integrity of PC B’s data. However, this option may also affect the performance and usability of PC B, as it requires additional processing time and user authentication to access the encrypted data. Therefore, it is recommended to backup any important data and choose a strong key or password before encrypting the disk.

PC C: Disable unneeded services

This option will stop and disable the SSH daemon that is using port 22 on PC C. SSH is a secure service that allows remote access and command execution over an encrypted channel. However, port 22 is thedefault and well-known port for SSH, which makes it a common target for brute-force attacks and port scanning. By disabling the SSH daemon on port 22, you will comply with the requirement and also improve the security of PC C. However, this option may also affect the functionality of PC C if it needs to use SSH for remote administration or other purposes. Therefore, it is recommended to enable the SSH daemon on a different port, such as 4022, by editing the configuration file using the following command:

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Server A. Need to select the following:

A black and white screen with white text Description automatically generated

Question 35

An organization found a significant vulnerability associated with a commonly used package in a variety of operating systems. The organization develops a registry of software dependencies to facilitate incident response activities. As part of the registry, the organization creates hashes of packages that have been formally vetted. Which of the following attack vectors does this registry address?

Options:

Supply chain attack B. Cipher substitution attack C. Side-channel analysis D. On-path attack E. Pass-the-hash attack

Answer:

Explanation:

Comprehensive and Detailed Step by Step Explanation:

Understanding the Scenario: The question describes a proactive security measure where an organization maintains a registry of software dependencies and their corresponding hashes. This registry is used to verify the integrity of software packages.

Analyzing the Answer Choices:

A. Supply chain attack: This type of attack involves compromising the software supply chain by injecting malicious code into legitimate software packages.

[Reference: CASP+ objectives often emphasize supply chain security due to its growing importance. The scenario directly relates to this type of attack, as the registry helps ensure that software packages haven't been tampered with during the supply chain process., B. Cipher substitution attack: This is a cryptographic attack focused on replacing ciphertext with a different ciphertext to deduce the key. It's not relevant to the scenario., C. Side-channel analysis: This attack involves gathering information from the physical implementation of a system (e.g., timing, power consumption) rather than exploiting the algorithm itself. It's not applicable here., D. On-path attack (formerly man-in-the-middle): This attack involves intercepting and potentially altering communication between two parties. While important, it's not theprimary focus of the registry., E. Pass-the-hash attack: This attack involves using a stolen hash of a user's password to authenticate without needing the actual password. It's unrelated to software package integrity., Why A is the Correct Answer:, A supply chain attack is exactly what the organization is trying to mitigate. By creating a registry of known-good software packages and their hashes, they can verify that the packages they are using are legitimate and haven't been altered., If an attacker were to compromise a software package in the supply chain, the hash of the altered package would not match the hash in the organization's registry. This would immediately alert the organization to a potential compromise., CASP+ Relevance: This aligns with the CASP+ exam objectives, which emphasize the importance of risk management, threat intelligence, and implementing security controls to address various attack vectors, including supply chain risks., How the Registry Works (Elaboration based on CASP+principles):, Hashing: When a package is vetted, a cryptographic hash function (like SHA-256) is used to generate a unique "fingerprint" (the hash) of the package's contents., Verification: Before installing or using a package, its hash is calculated and compared to the hash stored in the registry. A match confirms the package's integrity. A mismatch indicates tampering., Incident Response: If a vulnerability is discovered in a commonly used package, the registry helps the organization quickly identify which systems are affected based on the dependency list and the stored hashes., In conclusion, maintaining a registry of software dependencies with hashes is a crucial security control that directly addresses the threat of supply chain attacks by ensuring the integrity and authenticity of software packages. The use of hash functions for verification is a common practice in security and is emphasized in the CASP+ material., , ]

Question 36

A company wants to protect against the most common attacks and rapidly integrate with different programming languages. Which of the following technologies is most likely to meet this need?

Options:

RASP

Cloud-based IDE

DAST

NIPS

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CompTIA SecurityX Certification Exam Questions and Answers

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CompTIA

Fortinet

Microsoft

Salesforce