Sure Pass Exam N10-009 PDF

The correct answer is Integrity because a hashing algorithm ensures that data has not been altered. According to CompTIA Network+ (N10-009) security objectives, hashing is a cryptographic process that takes input data of any size and produces a fixed-length output known as a hash value or digest. If even a single bit of the original data changes, the resulting hash value will be significantly different.

Hashing is commonly used to verify file integrity, validate message authenticity, and securely store passwords. For example, when downloading software, the vendor may publish a hash value so users can calculate the hash of the downloaded file and confirm it matches, ensuring the file was not tampered with.

Non-repudiation (Option A) typically requires digital signatures that combine hashing with asymmetric encryption to verify the sender’s identity. Confidentiality (Option C) is achieved through encryption, which protects data from unauthorized access. Availability (Option D) refers to ensuring systems and data are accessible when needed and is not related to hashing functions.

Therefore, hashing primarily provides data integrity verification.

Misconfigured QoS is the most likely cause because the symptoms are specific to VoIP quality: dropped calls and audio latency. Voice traffic is highly sensitive to delay, jitter, and packet loss. Quality of Service allows administrators to classify and prioritize voice packets so they are handled ahead of less time-sensitive traffic such as file transfers or general web browsing. If QoS is missing or incorrectly configured, voice packets may compete equally with other traffic and suffer from congestion-related delay or loss.

The CompTIA Network+ N10-009 objectives include VoIP, QoS, traffic shaping, latency, jitter, and performance troubleshooting. The fact that local file transfers and web traffic are functional indicates the general network is working. The problem is with real-time traffic quality rather than total connectivity.

A conflicting firewall rule could block call setup or media streams, but the question emphasizes audio latency, which strongly points to QoS. A spanning tree issue would more likely cause broader Layer 2 instability. An incorrect voice VLAN could prevent phones from receiving proper addressing or access, but users are able to use the VoIP system with poor quality. Therefore, misconfigured QoS is correct.

For a global streaming service, different countries and regions often have specific legal requirements about what content can be accessed (for example, age restrictions, prohibited material, censorship rules, or licensing constraints). To comply with these local laws at each regional point of presence (PoP), the company should implement content filtering. In Network+ security objectives, content filtering is a control used to allow, block, or restrict access to specific categories of content, URLs, applications, or media based on policy. Applied regionally, it supports geo-policy enforcement by ensuring that users served by a given PoP receive only content permitted in that jurisdiction.

An ACL primarily controls network traffic flows (permit/deny based on IPs, ports, and protocols). While ACLs can help block certain services, they are not designed to classify and regulate streaming media content in a way that aligns with legal content rules. Port security is a switch feature to restrict which devices can connect to a port (MAC-based controls) and is unrelated to regional compliance for streamed media. Key management concerns encryption key handling and protects confidentiality/integrity, but it does not determine which content is allowed in a region. Therefore, regional content filtering is the best match for meeting local legal requirements.

BNC (Bayonet Neill–Concelman) connectors are commonly used with coaxial cables in RF and wireless applications, including some older Wi-Fi antennas and specialized networking equipment. The document says:

“BNC (Bayonet Neill–Concelman) connectors are typically used with coaxial cables, especially in radio frequency (RF) and some Wi-Fi antenna applications, providing a secure and quick connect/disconnect.”