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Restoring the system from a known good backup is the most appropriate eradication method when responding to an incident resulting in malware on an application server, as it ensures that the system is free of any malicious code and that the data and applications are consistent with the expected state. Disconnecting the system from the network may prevent further spread of the malware, but it does not eradicate it from the system. Changing passwords on the compromised system may reduce the risk of unauthorized access, but it does not remove the malware from the system. Performing operation system hardening may improve the security configuration of the system, but it does not guarantee that the malware is eliminated from the system.

References = CISM Review Manual 2022, page 3131; CISM Exam Content Outline, Domain 4, Task 4.4

The organizational risk register is the most useful for an information security manager when determining the need to escalate an incident to senior management because it contains a list of identified risks to the organization, their likelihood and impact, and their predefined risk thresholds or targets, which can help the information security manager assess the severity and urgency of the incident and decide whether it requires senior management’s attention or action. Incident management procedures are not very useful for this purpose because they do not provide any specific criteria or guidance on when to escalate an incident to senior management. Incident management policy is not very useful for this purpose because it does not provide any specific criteria or guidance on when to escalate an incident to senior management. System risk assessment is not very useful for this purpose because it does not reflect the current risk exposure or status of the organization as a whole. References:

 A technical vulnerability assessment is a process of identifying and evaluating the weaknesses and risks associated with a specific system, component, or network. A technical vulnerability assessment can help to determine the potential impact and likelihood of a security breach, as well as the appropriate measures to prevent or mitigate it. A technical vulnerability assessment should be performed on a personnel information management server whenever there is an increase in the number of unauthorized access attempts to the server, as this indicates that the server may have been compromised or targeted by an attacker12. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. References =

CISM Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 5: Information Security Program Management

CISM Review Manual (Print Version), Chapter 5: Information Security Program Management

 Maintaining a chain of custody is the most important step when conducting a forensic investigation, as this ensures that the evidence is preserved, protected, and documented from the time of collection to the time of presentation in court. A chain of custody provides a record of who handled the evidence, when, where, why, and how, and prevents any tampering, alteration, or loss of the evidence. A chain of custody also establishes the authenticity, reliability, and admissibility of the evidence in legal proceedings. Analyzing system memory, documenting analysis steps, and capturing full system images are also important, but not as important as maintaining a chain of custody, as they do not guarantee the integrity and validity of the evidence. References = CISM Review Manual 2023, page 1701; CISM Review Questions, Answers & Explanations Manual 2023, page 332; ISACA CISM - iSecPrep, page 183