CIA IIA-CIA-Part3 Exam Dumps

When employees work from home, secure remote access to the organization's network is essential to protect data and ensure confidentiality. A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is the best option for enabling this securely.

Correct Answer (D - A Virtual Private Network (VPN))

A VPN creates a secure, encrypted connection between the employee's device and the organization’s internal network.

It prevents unauthorized access by ensuring that data is transmitted securely over the internet.

The IIA GTAG 17: Auditing Network Security recommends VPNs for secure remote work environments to prevent cyber threats.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A (A Wireless Local Area Network - WLAN):

A WLAN is used within an office or home environment, but it does not provide secure remote access to an organization's network.

Option B (A Personal Area Network - PAN):

A PAN connects devices like smartphones and laptops within a short range (e.g., Bluetooth), but it is not suitable for secure remote access.

Option C (A Wide Area Network - WAN):

A WAN connects multiple locations, but it does not provide encryption or remote security like a VPN.

IIA GTAG 17: Auditing Network Security – Recommends VPNs for secure remote access.

IIA Practice Guide: Auditing IT Security Controls – Covers VPNs as a key security control for remote work.

Step-by-Step Explanation:IIA References for Validation:Thus, D is the correct answer because a VPN ensures secure, encrypted communication for employees working from home.

Recovery Point Objective (RPO) Defined:

RPO is the maximum amount of data loss an organization can tolerate before it significantly impacts business operations.

It determines how frequently backups should be performed to minimize data loss in the event of a system failure, cyberattack, or disaster.

For example: If an organization has an RPO of 4 hours, backups must be performed at least every 4 hours to ensure minimal data loss.

IIA GTAG on Business Continuity Management states that RPO should align with business risk tolerance and data criticality.

A. The maximum tolerable downtime after the occurrence of an incident. (Incorrect)

This defines the Recovery Time Objective (RTO), which refers to the time needed to restore operations.

RPO relates to data loss, not downtime.

C. The maximum tolerable risk related to the occurrence of an incident. (Incorrect)

Risk tolerance is a separate concept related to risk management strategies, not data recovery.

D. The minimum recovery resources needed after the occurrence of an incident. (Incorrect)

This refers to disaster recovery planning and resource allocation, not the specific metric of data loss tolerance.

Explanation of Incorrect Answers:Conclusion:The Recovery Point Objective (RPO) measures the maximum allowable data loss (Option B) before it significantly affects business continuity.

IIA References:

IIA GTAG - Business Continuity Management

IIA Standard 2120 - Risk Management

When an organization faces unexpected disruptions, such as the inability to receive raw materials due to a military conflict, it should have contingency plans in place to manage such risks.

Contingency Planning for Unforeseen Events (Correct Answer: C)

Contingency plans are designed to prepare for and respond to unexpected disruptions, such as supply chain failures, political instability, or natural disasters.

IIA Standard 2120 – Risk Management requires organizations to have business continuity and disaster recovery plans, which include contingencies for supply chain disruptions.

A well-prepared contingency plan could involve alternative suppliers, stockpiling critical materials, or adjusting production schedules.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. Just-in-time (JIT) delivery plans (Incorrect)

JIT is a supply chain management strategy that minimizes inventory and relies on timely delivery.

While JIT increases efficiency, it is not a backup plan for unexpected disruptions.

In fact, JIT makes companies more vulnerable to supply chain interruptions.

B. Backup plans (Incorrect)

A backup plan generally refers to IT/data backup or system recovery strategies, not a comprehensive risk management approach for supply chain issues.

Contingency plans encompass broader business continuity strategies beyond simple backup plans.

D. Standing plans (Incorrect)

Standing plans are routine, long-term procedures for normal operations, such as HR policies or standard operating procedures.

They do not specifically address unexpected crises like supply chain failures due to war.

IIA Standard 2120 – Risk Management (Ensuring business continuity planning)

IIA Standard 2110 – Governance (Assessing organizational resilience strategies)

IIA Standard 2130 – Compliance (Evaluating regulatory and risk mitigation plans)

Step-by-Step Justification:IIA References for This Answer:Thus, the correct answer is C. Contingency plans, as they are specifically designed to address unexpected disruptions like supply chain failures due to military conflict.

The most effective way to mitigate the risk of poor-quality spare parts is through independent verification of deliveries, such as inspections and testing. This detects defects before acceptance and payment, reducing the likelihood of defective parts entering operations.

Option A adds approval steps but does not address product quality. Option B relies on vendor statements, which may be unreliable. Option D strengthens contract language but does not ensure compliance at delivery.