AWS Certified Professional SAP-C02 Passing Score

AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional Questions and Answers

Question 137

A company uses infrastructure as code (IaC) to provision Amazon EC2 instances. The company uses a launch template to implement an EC2 Auto Scaling group to manage traffic increases. The company applies monthly security updates to all EC2 instances in place.

After a recent update that required instance reboots, the Auto Scaling group terminated the instances and launched new, unpatched instances. New instances that the Auto Scaling group launches in response to traffic load are also unpatched. The company must ensure that the Auto Scaling group launches instances that have the latest security patches.

Which combination of solutions will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

Configure the Auto Scaling group termination policy to use the OldestLaunchTemplate setting.

Create a new Auto Scaling group before the next patch maintenance window. Patch and reboot instances in both Auto Scaling groups during the next maintenance window.

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the Auto Scaling group. Monitor target group health after instance replacement.

Use AWS Systems Manager to automatically produce patched AMIs. Update the Auto Scaling group launch template. Initiate an instance refresh for the Auto Scaling group.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the Auto Scaling group. Configure termination protection for the instances.

Answer:

C, D

Explanation:

D is required because the only reliable way to ensure newly launched Auto Scaling instances are patched is to make the launch template reference an AMI that already includes the latest security updates (an immutable image approach). AWS Systems Manager can automate building and maintaining patched AMIs (for example, through automated image creation workflows), after which the launch template is updated to the new AMI and the fleet is updated using Instance Refresh. Instance Refresh performs a controlled rolling replacement of instances so that the Auto Scaling group converges to the new AMI baseline.

C complements D by ensuring safe replacement and availability during the refresh/replacement process. Placing an ALB in front of the Auto Scaling group with health checks ensures that only healthy, fully bootstrapped/patched instances receive traffic, and that traffic is drained away from instances being replaced. Monitoring target health confirms the rollout is successful and minimizes risk during patch-driven reboots or instance replacement.

Why the other options are incorrect:

A: A termination policy setting does not ensure new instances are patched. It only affects which instances are terminated first. It does not solve the “launch patched instances” requirement.

B: Running two Auto Scaling groups and continuing in-place patching increases operational overhead and still risks drift and unpatched capacity when scaling occurs outside the maintenance window. It also does not address the core issue: the launch template AMI baseline.

E: NLB + termination protection does not ensure instances are patched at launch. Termination protection can interfere with Auto Scaling’s ability to replace instances, and NLB does not inherently provide the same application-layer health check behavior and deployment safety patterns typically used for rolling replacements (compared to ALB target group health checks).

[References:, AWS Systems Manager Documentation: patching and automation capabilities; creating/maintaining updated images for fleets, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling Documentation: launch templates, Instance Refresh, and rolling replacement of instances to a new AMI, Elastic Load Balancing Documentation (Application Load Balancer): target groups, health checks, and safe traffic shifting during instance replacement, AWS Well-Architected Framework (Operational Excellence / Reliability): immutable infrastructure patterns, automated fleet updates, and minimizing configuration drift, , , , ]

Question 138

A company recently started hosting new application workloads in the AWS Cloud. The company is using Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file systems, and Amazon RDS DB instances.

To meet regulatory and business requirements, the company must make the following changes for data backups:

* Backups must be retained based on custom daily, weekly, and monthlyrequirements.

* Backups must be replicated to at least one other AWS Region immediately after capture.

* The backup solution must provide a single source of backup status across the AWS environment.

* The backup solution must send immediate notifications upon failure of any resource backup.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement with the LEAST amount of operational overhead? (Select THREE.)

Options:

Create an AWS Backup plan with a backup rule for each of the retention requirements.

Configure an AWS backup plan to copy backups to another Region.

Create an AWS Lambda function to replicate backups to another Region and send notification if a failure occurs.

Add an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to the backup plan to send a notification for finished jobs that have any status except BACKUP- JOB- COMPLETED.

Create an Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager (Amazon DLM) snapshot lifecycle policy for each of the retention requirements.

Set up RDS snapshots on each database.

Question 139

An online survey company runs its application in the AWS Cloud. The application is distributed and consists of microservices that run in an automatically scaled Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The ECS cluster is a target for an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The ALB is a custom origin for an Amazon CloudFront distribution.

The company has a survey that contains sensitive data. The sensitive data must be encrypted when it moves through the application. The application ' s data-handling microservice is the only microservice that should be able to decrypt the data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a symmetric AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a field-level encryption profile and a configuration. Associate the KMS key and the configuration with the CloudFront cache behavior.

Create an RSA key pair that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Upload the public key to the CloudFront distribution. Create a field-level encryption profile and a configuration. Add the configuration to the CloudFront cache behavior.

Create a symmetric AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a Lambda@Edge function. Program the function to use the KMS key to encrypt the sensitive data.

Create an RSA key pair that is dedicated to the data-handling microservice. Create a Lambda@Edge function. Program the function to use the private key of the RSA key pair to encrypt the sensitive data.

Question 140

A company is planning a one-time migration of an on-premises MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL in the us-east-1 Region. The company ' s current internet connection has limited bandwidth. The on-premises MySQL database is 60 TB in size The company estimates that it will take a month to transfer the data to AWS over the current internet connection.

The company needs a migration solution that will migrate the database more quickly

Which solution will migrate the database in the LEAST amount of time?

Options:

Request a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises data center and AWS Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the on-premises MySQL database to Aurora MySQL.

Use AWS DataSync with the current internet connection to accelerate the data transfer between the on-premises data center and AWS Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the on-premises MySQL database to Aurora MySQL.

Order an AWS Snowball Edge Device Load the data into an Amazon S3 bucket by using the S3 interface Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to migrate the data from Amazon S3 to Aurora MySQL

Order an AWS Snowball Device Load the data into an Amazon S3 bucket by usingthe S3 Adapter for Snowball Use AWS Application Migration Service to migrate the data from Amazon S3 to Aurora MySQL.

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AWS Certified Professional SAP-C02 Passing Score

AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional Questions and Answers

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CompTIA

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Microsoft

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