Professional-Data-Engineer Exam Dumps : Google Professional Data Engineer Exam

The conventional method of denormalizing data involves simply writing a fact, along with all its dimensions, into a flat table structure. For example, if you are dealing with sales transactions, you would write each individual fact to a record, along with the accompanying dimensions such as order and customer information.

The other method for denormalizing data takes advantage of BigQuery’s native support for nested and repeated structures in JSON or Avro input data. Expressing records using nested and repeated structures can provide a more natural representation of the underlying data. In the case of the sales order, the outer part of a JSON structure would contain the order and customer information, and the inner part of the structure would contain the individual line items of the order, which would be represented as nested, repeated elements.

Identity and Access Management (IAM) is the recommended way to control access to Pub/Sub resources, such as topics and subscriptions. IAM allows you to grant roles and permissions to users and service accounts at the project level or the individual resource level. You can also use IAM conditions to specify additional attributes for granting or denying access, such as time, date, or origin. By using IAM conditions, you can ensure that only the resources in project A can access the data in the project A topic, regardless of the network configuration or the VPC Service Controls. You can also prevent project B and any future project from accessing the data in the project A topic by not granting them any roles or permissions on the topic.

Option A is not a good solution, as VPC Service Controls are designed to prevent data exfiltration from Google Cloud resources to the public internet, not to control access between Google Cloud projects. VPC Service Controls create a perimeter around the resources of one or more projects, and restrict the communication with resources outside the perimeter. However, VPC Service Controls do not apply to Pub/Sub, as Pub/Sub is not associated with any specific IP address or VPC network. Therefore, configuring VPC Service Controls with a perimeter around the VPC of project A would not prevent project B or any future project from accessing the data in the project A topic, if they have the necessary IAM roles and permissions.

Option B is not a good solution, as firewall rules are used to control the ingress and egress traffic to and from the VPC network of a project. Firewall rules do not apply to Pub/Sub, as Pub/Sub is not associated with any specific IP address or VPC network. Therefore, adding firewall rules in project A to only permit traffic from the VPC in project A would not prevent project B or any future project from accessing the data in the project A topic, if they have the necessary IAM roles and permissions.

Option C is not a good solution, as VPC Service Controls are designed to prevent data exfiltration from Google Cloud resources to the public internet, not to control access between Google Cloud projects. VPC Service Controls create a perimeter around the resources of one or more projects, and restrict the communication with resources outside the perimeter. However, VPC Service Controls do not apply to Pub/Sub, as Pub/Sub is not associated with any specific IP address or VPC network. Therefore, configuring VPC Service Controls with a perimeter around project A would not prevent project B or any future project from accessing the data in the project A topic, if they have the necessary IAM roles and permissions. References: Access control with IAM |Cloud Pub/Sub Documentation | Google Cloud, [Using IAM Conditions | Cloud IAMDocumentation | Google Cloud], [VPC Service Controls overview | Google Cloud], [Using VPC Service Controls | Google Cloud], [Pub/Sub tier capabilities | Memorystore for Redis | Google Cloud].