F3 Exam Dumps : Financial Strategy

Translation risk arises when the foreign subsidiary’s net assets (in BS) are translated into the parent’s currency (A$). The most effective hedge is to match those net assets with liabilities in the same foreign currency. By financing the acquisition with BS borrowings, AAB creates a BS liability that offsets BBA’s BS net assets, reducing the net exposure to translation movements.

A$: equity in A$ doesn’t hedge BS assets.

Multi-currency bank accounts and forward contracts mainly address transaction risk, not long-term translation of balance sheet net assets.

 Revenues are in E$ and F$, costs are in G$, and reporting currency is D$.

 If the D$ strengthens against G$ (option C), then G$ costs translate into fewer D$, so reported costs fall and operating profit margin improves.

 A stronger D$ against E$ or F$ (A or B) reduces the D$ value of sales, hurting margins.

 A weaker D$ against G$ (D) makes G$-denominated costs more expensive in D$, also hurting margins.

So the change that most helps maintain/improve margin is C.

Workings (Modigliani & Miller with tax):

Current (unlevered) cost of capital ku=9%k_u = 9\%ku​=9%

Cost of debt kd=3%k_d = 3\%kd​=3%

Tax rate T=25%T = 25\%T=25%

Target D/E=1/2=0.5D/E = 1/2 = 0.5D/E=1/2=0.5

Formula with tax:

ke=ku+(ku−kd)(1−T)DEk_e = k_u + (k_u - k_d)(1-T)\frac{D}{E}ke​=ku​+(ku​−kd​)(1−T)ED​ ke=9%+(9%−3%)×0.75×0.5=9%+6%×0.375=9%+2.25%=11.25%≈11.3%k_e = 9\% + (9\% - 3\%) \times 0.75 \times 0.5 = 9\% + 6\% \times 0.375 = 9\% + 2.25\% = 11.25\% \approx 11.3\%ke​=9%+(9%−3%)×0.75×0.5=9%+6%×0.375=9%+2.25%=11.25%≈11.3%

So the nearest option is 11.3% (C).