CIMA Related Exams
E2 Exam
Various methods of communication are available, including face to face, by telephone or online.
Which THREE of the following interactions are best conducted face to face?
A low cost airline is operating three flights a day between two industrial cities in neighbouring countries. The cities are 300 km apart and the terrain between the two countries is mostly flat grasslands. The two cities are also linked by motorways and a railway line.
At first the airline enjoyed first mover advantage and generated healthy profits for three years. But more recently, the airline is experiencing intense competitive pressures, reduced passenger numbers and lower returns. The airline directors are using Porter's Five Forces framework to analyse the nature and severity of the various competitive forces being experienced.
In the context of this model which of the following forces would be considered as a threat of a substitute product or service?
Many analysts and researchers have written about understanding resistance in order to bring about successful and enduring changes in an organisation.
One writer wrote that "An issue is held in balance by the interaction of two opposing sets of forces - those seeking to promote change (driving forces) and those attempting to maintain the status quo (restraining forces)".
Select this writer.