CEH v13 312-50v13 Release Date

White Hat Hacking is defined in CEH v13 as ethical hacking performed with explicit authorization to identify and remediate vulnerabilities. White hat hackers operate within legal frameworks and contractual agreements.

Grey hats act without permission but without malicious intent. Black hats conduct illegal attacks. Blue hats are external testers invited to find bugs before product release.

Thus, Option C is correct.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From CEH v13 Guide:

Grey-box testing is a hybrid method where the tester has partial knowledge of the internal workings of the system, allowing for a more focused and efficient assessment of security vulnerabilities compared to black-box (no knowledge) and white-box (full knowledge). This approach simulates an insider threat or a user with limited access rights.

CEH v13 Reference:

Module 15: Hacking Web Applications – Types of Penetration Testing

“Gray-box testing assumes partial knowledge of internal structures, combining elements of both black-box and white-box testing.”

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Tess King is attempting to gather all DNS records from a target zone. This process is referred to as a zone transfer (AXFR), which is typically performed by secondary name servers to synchronize DNS data with the primary. If improperly secured, attackers can initiate unauthorized zone transfers to enumerate valuable information such as:

Hostnames

IP addresses

Mail servers

Name servers

CEH v13 defines a zone transfer as a crucial step in DNS enumeration.

From CEH v13 Official Courseware:

Module 3: Scanning Networks

Topic: DNS Enumeration → Zone Transfers

CEH v13 Study Guide states:

“A zone transfer (AXFR) is a DNS transaction used to replicate DNS databases. Attackers can exploit this feature to extract all DNS information from an improperly secured server.”

Incorrect Options:

A. Zone harvesting is not a formal term.

C. Zone update refers to DNS dynamic update operations (e.g., DDNS).

D. Zone estimate is not a DNS-related process.

This Google dork uses advanced operators:

site:target.com — restricts results to pages within the target.com domain

-site:Marketing.target.com — excludes results from the marketing.target.com subdomain

accounting — the keyword to be matched

So, it returns pages from target.com (excluding the marketing subdomain) that include the word "accounting".

Reference – CEH v13 Official Study Guide:

Module 2: Footprinting and Reconnaissance

Quote:

“Advanced search operators like site:, inurl:, intitle:, and the minus (-) operator help to include or exclude specific domains or pages when gathering public information via Google.”

Incorrect Options:

A. Opposite logic — this excludes marketing.target.com

B. Too general

C. Incorrect because marketing.target.com is excluded

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