Nokia 4A0-100 Exam With Confidence Using Practice Dumps

Route summarization (a.k.a. supernetting)is the process ofcombining multiple contiguous subnetsinto asingle summarized route, which:

Reduces routing table entries

Enhances scalability and efficiency

Minimizes instability by localizing route changes

Option A is falsebecauseit describes subnetting, not summarization. Summarization works in theopposite direction– combining smaller routes into a larger one.

In a typical MPLS/VPN service architecture:

PE (Provider Edge) router: Directly connects to thecustomer edge (CE)device.

P (Provider) router: Only forwards MPLS-labeled packets, doesnot touch customer routes.

LSR (Label Switch Router): General term, can be either PE or P depending on placement.

Correct Answer: A – PE

Itinterfaces with CE devicesandruns customer routing protocols(e.g., OSPF, BGP).

AP router (Provider router)is locatedin the core of the service provider’s network. Its functions include:

ForwardingMPLS-labeled packetsbetweenPE routers.

Not interacting directly with customer routes or routing instances.

Having no knowledge ofVPN routing or customer-specific services.

Option C is correct– P routers sit in theMPLS core, isolated from customer edge.