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iSQI CTAL-TM_Syll2012 Dumps

ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager [Syllabus 2012] Questions and Answers

Question 1

Improving the Testing Process

Which of the following statements about the STEP test process improvement model is true?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

In the STEP model, tests validate the requirements and use cases when they are developed

B.

The STEP model stresses defect detection and demonstration of capability, whereas the defect prevention is a secondary potential goal of testing

C.

The STEP model assures that the system requirements specification and the test design specification processes don't overlap

D.

In the STEP model, testware design occurs after coding

Question 2

Improving the Testing Process

Consider the following statements describing the importance of improving the test process:

I. Test process improvement is important because being focused only on the test process it can provide recommendations to improve the test process itself, but it can’t indicate or suggest improvement to areas of the development process

II. Test process improvement is important because it is much more effective than software process improvement to improve the quality of a software system

III. Test process improvement is important because several process improvement models (STEP, TPI Next, TMMi) have been developed over the years

IV. Test process improvement is important because every organization, regardless of the context, should always achieve the maximum level of maturity of testing described in the test improvement models such as TMMi

Which of the following answers is correct?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

I. and IV. are true; II. and III. are false

B.

I., II., III. and IV are false

C.

I., II. and III are true; IV. is false

D.

I., II. and III. are false; IV. is true

Question 3

Improving the Testing Process

Which of the following statements about the TMMi test process improvement model is true?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

In TMMi all the process areas at lower levels must be 75% complete by achieving specific and generic goals in order to claim the higher level

B.

TMMi provides an approach for test process improvement such as the IDEAL (Initiating, Diagnosing, Establishing, Acting and Learning) model

C.

TMMi has a staged architecture for process improvement with seven maturity levels

D.

At TMMi level 1 testing is chaotic without a defined process, and it is often seen as the same as debugging

Question 4

You are following a risk-based testing strategy. The test execution time is very limited. Assume that all the product risk items require more or less the same level of test effort.

Which of the following answers describes the best execution schedule in this scenario?

Number of correct responses: 1

K33 credits

Options:

A.

1- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

2- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents

3- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card

4- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card

B.

1- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card

2- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents

3- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card

4- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

C.

1- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card

2- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card

3- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents

4- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

D.

1- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card

2- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card

3- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents

4- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

Question 5

Testing Process

Which of the following statements describing the consequences of specifying test conditions at a detailed level is NOT true?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

In an environment where the test basis is continuously changing, it is recommended to specify test conditions at a detailed level in order to achieve a better maintainability

B.

The specification of test conditions at a detailed level can be effective when no formal requirements or other development work products are available

C.

The specification of test conditions at a detailed level can require the implementation of an adequate level of formality across the team

D.

For system testing, the specification of test conditions at a detailed level, carried out early in the project as soon as the test basis is established, can contribute to defect prevention

Question 6

People Skills – Team Composition

Assume you are managing the system testing execution phase of a project.

The system test execution period for that project is scheduled for eighteen weeks and the release date is scheduled at the end of system testing.

During the sixth week of system test execution, at the staff meeting, the project manager informs you that the project deadlines are changed and the release date that is only three weeks ahead.

This new release will not allow the completion of the system tests. Suppose also that you have followed a risk-driven test approach for this project.

Which of the following statements represents the worst way to lead your test team in the next three weeks?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

Neglect your management activities and work side-by-side with your test team executing tests

B.

Considering the executed tests, you should reduce the test coverage back on the risk analysis and adjust downward the priority of the associated risk items

C.

Convince all the people of your test team that each of them is an important and needed member, and that their contribution is fundamental to the success of the team

D.

Favor and encourage a proactive attitude where people ask for new tasks as soon as they finish their current tasks

Question 7

People Skills – Team Composition

An agile development team decides to hire a tester who has always worked:

- in independent test teams, reporting the problems found in a defect tracking system

- in safety-critical projects, with a stronger focus on the quality of the product than on time and budget.

This agile team is focused on short-term goals to get the product released on time and within budget.

Which of the following answers would you expect to be most likely true in this scenario?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

Agile teams like the presence of a tester in their teams and the tester will be able to adapt to the new context without any issue

B.

The developers will immediately follow the guidelines described by the tester

C.

The tester can continue to report the problems found in a defect tracking system and be more focused on the quality than on time and budget constraints

D.

The tester’s mission could be to verify adherence to requirements, instead of reporting formally the problems in a defect tracking system

Question 8

People Skills – Team Composition

Which of the following would you expect to be most likely an example of a motivating factor for testers?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

The resources allocated for the testing activities are not sufficient and don’t allow the testers to contribute to the quality of the product

B.

The testers contribution to the quality of the software products developed from an organization is recognized with increased responsibilities

C.

The same regressions tests are executed manually by the same testers, for every product release, without any progression in content

D.

The testers are asked to perform, in parallel with their testing tasks, other tasks unrelated to their testing responsibilities

Question 9

You are using this skills assessment spreadsheet in order to define a training development plan for your test team.

Your objective is to fill the skill gaps by having at least a team member rated as an expert for each skill identified for the “technical expertise” and “testing skills” sections, and with the ability to train the other team members.

Considering the budget constraints you can send only one person to a training course.

Based only on the given information, which of the following answers would you expect to be the best option to achieve your objective?

Number of correct responses: 1

K43 credits

Options:

A.

Send Robert to a performance testing training course

B.

Send Alex to a performance testing training course

C.

Send John to a performance testing training course

D.

Send Mark to a test automation training course

Question 10

People Skills – Team Composition

Your test team consists of four members (Mary, Bob, Mark, Dave) with different interpersonal skills.

The following skills assessment spreadsheet shows the characteristics of the team members with respect to a list of interpersonal-skills (for each characteristic only the member with the highest level of that characteristic is indicated and marked with ‘X’):

On the next project a member of your test team will have to perform some routine tasks requiring collaboration with other teams.

Who in your test team would you expect to be most suitable at doing these tasks?

Number of correct responses: 1

K43 credits

Options:

A.

Mary

B.

Bob

C.

Mark

D.

Dave

Question 11

Test Tools and Automation

Assume you are the Test Manager in charge of independent testing for avionics applications.

You are in charge of testing for a project to implement three different CSCI (Computer Software Configuration Item):

- a BOOT-X CSCI that must be certified at level B of the DO-178B standard

- a DIAG-X CSCI that must be certified at level C of the DO-178B standard

- a DRIV-X CSCI that must be certified at level A of the DO-178B standard

These are three different software modules written in C language to run on a specific hardware platform.

You have been asked to select a single code coverage tool to perform the mandatory code coverage measurements, in order to meet the structural coverage criteria prescribed by the DO-178B standard. This tool must be qualified as a verification tool under DO-178B.

Since there are significant budget constraints to purchase this tool, you are evaluating an open-source tool that is able to provide different types of code coverage. This tool meets perfectly your technical needs in terms of the programming language and the specific hardware platform (it supports also the specific C-compiler).

The source code of the tool is available.

Your team could easily customize the tool to meet the project needs. This tool is not qualified as a verification tool under the DO-178B.

Which of the following are the three main concerns related to that open-source tool selection?

Number of correct responses: 3

K43 credits (2 credits out of 3 credits correct, 1 credit point)

Options:

A.

Does the tool support all the types of code coverage required from the three levels A, B, C of the DO-178B standard?

B.

Does the tool have a good general usability?

C.

What are the costs to qualify the tool as a verification tool under the DO-178B?

D.

Is the installation procedure of the tool easy?

E.

Does the tool require a system with more than 4GB of RAM memory?

F.

Is the licensing scheme of the tool compatible with the confidentiality needs of the avionics company?

Question 12

Test Tools and Automation

After a selection process you have selected a test management tool that is going be introduced in your organization and used by your test team in a pilot project.

You have already identified the member of your test team who will be the administrator of the tool, since he/she has a significant experience with the administration of test management tools and so he/she is able to make effective and efficient up-front decisions about "how" the tool will be used. You have also developed a training plan for the other members of your test team.

In collaboration with the administrator of the tool you have also devised standard ways of managing, storing and maintaining the tool and its assets including backup/restore procedures.

You have also analyzed standard formats supported by the tool (CSV, XLS, XML, etc.) to export, import and archive all the information managed by the tool itself (requirements, test case specifications, test plans etc.) for compliance with the most important test management tools, in order to minimize the impacts of migrating this information to a new tool that could replace the existing one in the future.

Which of the following phases in the lifecycle of the new tool has NOT been adequately considered in this description?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

Acquisition

B.

Support and maintenance

C.

Evolution

D.

Retirement

Question 13

Test Tools and Automation

Assume you are managing a test automation project for a mission-critical system.

Because vendor provided tools and open source solutions don't meet the needs of this project, you ask your test team to develop a custom automation framework.

Which of the following management issues associated to the development of this custom automation framework is least likely to manage?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

Proper testing for the custom automation framework must be performed

B.

The custom automation framework will require an adequate documentation

C.

The changes to the custom automation framework should be communicated to all external users of this tool under the GNU license

D.

The custom automation framework will need proper maintenance

Question 14

Test Tools and Automation

Assume you are a Test Manager involved in system testing of a CRM application for a Pay-TV company. Currently the application is able to support a proper number of users assuring the required responsiveness. Since the business is expected to grow, you have been asked to evaluate the ability of the application to grow to support more users while maintaining the same responsiveness.

Which of the following tools would you expect to be the most useful at performing this evaluation?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

Coverage tools

B.

Test management tools

C.

Static analysis tools

D.

Performance tools

Question 15

Test Tools and Automation

In your organization the following tools of the same vendor are currently in use: a requirements management tool, a test management tool and a bug tracking tool.

You are the Test Manager.

You are currently evaluating a test automation tool of the same vendor (to complete the vendor's tool suite) against an interesting open-source test automation tool under the GNU GPL (General Public License).

There are no initial costs associated to that open-source tool.

Which of the following statements associated to the selection of the open-source tool is correct in this scenario?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

The open-source tool can be modified but only if the community of developers of that tool gives you the formal permission to modify it

B.

There are no initial costs for the open-source tool but you should carefully consider the costs associated to the integration with the existing tools and also evaluate the recurring costs

C.

There are no initial costs for the open-source tool because open-source tools are usually low-quality, while vendor tools have always a better quality than the corresponding open-source tools

D.

The open-source tool can be modified but it can’t be distributed further in any way

Question 16

Which of the following statements represents the most effective contribution of the stakeholders to the completion of the failure mode analysis table?

Number of correct responses: 1

K43 credits

Options:

A.

The aircraft pilot and the customer representative should contribute to assess the detection. The chief software engineer, the system architect and the expert tester should contribute to assess the priority.

B.

The aircraft pilot and the customer representative should contribute to assess the priority. The chief software engineer, the system architect and the expert tester should contribute to assess the detection.

C.

The system architect and the chief software engineer should contribute to assess the priority. The expert tester is the only one who should contribute to assess the detection.

D.

The aircraft pilot is the only one qualified to contribute to assess the priority and thus should be assigned this task. The customer representative should contribute to assess the detection.

Question 17

Test Management

Consider an agile team adopting Extreme Programming (XP) with five developers and one tester without any coding experience.

To which of the following activities would you expect the tester will contribute most?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

Developing unit tests

B.

Executing unit tests

C.

Planning and executing tests during the integration test phase to detect interface defects

D.

Supporting the customer in the execution of acceptance testing

Question 18

Test Management

You are the Test Manager of a new project aimed at developing a software system that must be certified at level B of the DO-178B standard. The project will follow a V-Model software development life cycle and it will have four formal levels of testing: component, integration, system and acceptance testing.

You must produce the test plan documentation for this project by providing an adequate coordination across the four levels of testing in order to assure auditability.

Which of the following answers would you expect to best describe how to organize the test plan?

Number of correct responses: 1

K32 credits

Options:

A.

Produce a single master test plan that covers in detail all four levels, describing the particular activities for all test levels

B.

Produce a master test plan that covers three levels (component, integration, system test) and a separate acceptance test plan

C.

Produce a master test plan describing the relationship between the four levels, and four separate detailed level test plans, one for each level

D.

Produce four separate detailed level test plans, one for each level, without a master test plan

Question 19

Test Management

You are estimating the effort for the integration testing activities of a new project. Consider the following factors, which can affect that estimation:

I. Availability of re-usable test systems and documentation from previous, similar projects

II. Unexpected timing of components arrival

III. Stability of the integration test team (no turnover)

IV. Many and geographically distributed sub-teams

Which of the following statements is true?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

I. and II. can negatively affect the estimation

III. and IV. usually favor the accuracy of the estimation effort

B.

II. and III. can negatively affect the estimation

C.

and IV. usually favor the accuracy of the estimation effort

D.

II. and IV. can negatively affect the estimation

E.

and III. usually favor the accuracy of the estimation effort

F.

III. and IV. can negatively affect the estimation

G.

and II. usually favor the accuracy of the estimation effort

Question 20

Test Management

You are the Test Manager on a project following an iterative life-cycle model. The project should consist of nine iterations of one month duration each. It is planned to develop the most important features to have a stable core of the application in the first three iterations and to add the additional features in the last six iterations.

At the beginning of the first iteration, only a draft version of the requirements specification document for the core features is available. Assume that during each of the first three iterations, the chosen features are fully completed and unit tested.

Which of the following statements is true in this context?

Number of correct responses: 1

K43 credits

Options:

A.

The system test phase should start when all the requirements are frozen

B.

You should allocate a large effort for system testing during the first three iterations

C.

You should allocate all the effort for the system test phase only in the last iteration

D.

You should apply the same test strategy as used in a sequential life cycle model

Question 21

Defect Management

Consider a defect report and assume that a part of its lifecycle includes the following states:

New: Is the initial state

Working: Means that the developers are addressing the defect in order to produce a fix for the defect

Clarification: Means that the developers need more information from the tester to address the defect and produce a fix for the defect and the tester is working to provide this information to the developers

Verification: Means that a fix for the defect has been produced and the tester is running the adequate tests to verify whether the fix solves the defect

Closed: is the final state

Which of the following answers represents an invalid sequence of states that can’t lead the bug report to the “Closed” state?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

New, Working, Verification, Working, Clarification, Working, Verification, Closed

B.

New, Working, Clarification, Working, Verification, Closed

C.

New, Working, Verification, Working, Clarification, Working, Closed

D.

New, Working, Verification, Closed

Question 22

Defect Management

Which of the following information would you expect to be the most useful to perform a defect clustering analysis?

Number of correct responses: 1

K21 credit

Options:

A.

The trend in the lag time from defect reporting to resolution

B.

The defect component information

C.

The lifecycle phase in which the defect has been introduced

D.

The defect removal efficiency information

Question 23

Defect Management

Assume you are working on a defect management process to be used by a software organization to track the current status of the defects reports for several projects.

When a defect is found for investigation a defect report is created in “Opened” state that is the unique initial state. The defect report status has also a unique finale state that is the “Closed” state.

The following state transition diagram describes the states of this defect management process:

where only the initial (“Opened”) and final (“Closed”) states are indicated while the remaining states (V, W, X, Y, Z) have yet to be named.

Which of the following assignments would you expect to best complete the defect management process?

Number of correct responses: 1

K32 credits

Options:

A.

V=Rejected , W=Corrected , X=Validated, Y=Re-Opened, Z=Assigned

B.

V=Assigned, W=Validated , X=Corrected, Y=Re-Opened, Z=Rejected

C.

V=Assigned, W=Corrected , X=Validated, Y=Re-Opened, Z=Rejected

D.

V= Corrected, W=Assigned, X=Validated, Y=Corrected, Z=Rejected

Question 24

Defect Management

During the system testing phase a tester from your test team observes a failure in the system under test and he/she decides to create an incident report. The incident report is currently in a “new” state, indicating it needs to be investigated.

Which THREE of the following information items can’t yet be present in the incident report?

Number of correct responses: 3

K32 credits (2 credits out of 3 credits correct, 1 credit point)

Options:

A.

The type of defect that caused the failure

B.

The actual and the expected result highlighting the failure

C.

The lifecycle phase in which the defect has been introduced

D.

What really caused the failure (actual cause)

E.

Steps to reproduce the failure, including screenshots, database dumps and logs where applicable

Question 25

The main objectives the senior management team wants to achieve are:

- to reduce the costs associated with dynamic testing

- to use reviews to ensure that the project is on course for success and following the plan

- to use reviews as a well-documented and effective bug-removal activity following a formal process with well-defined roles

- to determine the effectiveness of reviews in terms of phase containment

- to improve phase containment effectiveness

Which of the following answers would you expect to describe the best way to achieve these objectives?

Number of correct responses: 1

K43 credits

Options:

A.

You should plan for lightweight exit-phase reviews at the end of each development and testing phase, and plan for a process of gathering information from testing to perform an analysis aimed at identifying the larger cluster of defects

B.

You should plan for formal exit-phase reviews at the end of each development and testing phase, and plan for a process of gathering information from testing to perform an analysis aimed at identifying the larger cluster of defects

C.

You should plan for formal exit-phase reviews at the end of each development phase and testing phase, and plan for a process of gathering information from testing to perform an analysis of the bugs found during testing to determine the people responsible for those bugs

D.

You should plan for formal exit-phase reviews at the end of each development and testing phase, and plan for a process of gathering information from testing to perform an analysis of the bugs found during testing to determine the phase in which they have been introduced

Question 26

You have been promoted to Test Manager within your company. Your new manager states that your test team utilized a risk-based test approach for the last release but in production, a number of

serious failures in lightly tested areas have occurred.

What would be your first action prior to the start of the next test phase for the next release? [3]

Options:

A.

Ensure you have the correct stakeholders' participation during the risk assessment process

B.

Review the test cases executed from the previous release.

C.

Request functional requirements be prioritized in order of importance to the stakeholder.

D.

Review the production defects and determine if they are valid.

Question 27

What is the purpose of tracking efficiency metrics for a formal review? [1]

Options:

A.

These metrics can be used to determine who participated in the review.

B.

These metrics can be used to determine if the review was a good use of resources.

C.

These metrics can be used to determine the quality of the reviewed object.

D.

These metrics can be used to determine the speed with which defects were fixed.

Question 28

Which of the following organizational structures would be considered unorthodox? [1]

Options:

A.

Developers within the same team unit test each others' code prior to handing over to a separate testing team for system testing

B.

Developers and testers are integrated within the same project team, each role focusing on a different level of testing

C.

After developers are done unit testing, business analysts alpha test the system before handing over to a separate testing team for system testing

D.

DBAs confirm the referential integrity of the database and developers complete their unit testing before handing over to

external organization for system testing

Question 29

What test process is included as part of TPI Next? [1]

Options:

A.

Identify test specification

B.

Identify test environment

C.

Identify test execution

D.

Identify test conditions

Question 30

Your testing team has just received the test conditions for a new project. You are conducting Test Design activities for this project. Your team feels that it would be beneficial to create high-level test cases.

What should they do concurrently with creating these test cases? [2]

Options:

A.

Create the test plan.

B.

Create the test automation scripts.

C.

Create the test summary report for the test cases you are creating.

D.

Create the traceability between the test cases and the requirements.