CFE-Fraud-Prevention-and-Deterrence Exam Questions Tutorials

The Corporate Governance chapter explains that the Treadway Commission made four recommendations aimed at reducing the likelihood of fraud in financial reporting. These recommendations were directed to the board of directors’ audit committee and included having an independent audit committee, a written charter for the audit committee, adequate resources and authority, and informed, vigilant, and effective audit committee members. The manual specifically states that the existence of an audit committee and a written charter is not enough; the committee must also have adequate resources and authority to carry out its responsibilities. That language directly matches option C. The other choices either substitute the wrong committee, assign the charter to management instead of the audit committee, or improperly shift oversight of internal controls to shareholders.

Rationalization in the Fraud Triangle:

Rationalization refers to the justification an individual uses to make fraudulent behavior acceptable in their mind.

In this case, Jody justifies his theft by believing the company owes him for his loyalty and hard work.

Why B is Correct:

Jody’s reasoning aligns with the rationalization leg of the fraud triangle, as he convinces himself his actions are justified.

Why Other Options are Incorrect:

A (Perceived non-shareable financial need):Involves financial pressure, not justification.

C (Perceived opportunity):Refers to the ability to commit fraud.

D (Lack of personal integrity):Reflects a broader ethical deficiency, not a specific rationalization​​.

Steve Albrecht ' s Research on Fraud Motivation:

Personal factors like " living beyond their means " are commonly cited as a driver of fraudulent behavior.

Organizational factors, such as excessive trust in key employees, create opportunities for fraud by reducing oversight and enabling unethical behavior.

Analysis of Options:

A. High personal debt:This can be a motivator, but it is less common than " living beyond their means. "

B. Revenge:Rarely a primary driver of fraud.

D. Desire for recognition:This may motivate some individuals, but it is not as prevalent as financial pressure and opportunity.

Conclusion:Option C reflects the most common personal and organizational factors motivating fraudsters.