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Nokia Optical Networking Fundamentals Questions and Answers
NFM-T is a network management system designed to manage optical networks in a unified manner. It is used to design, manage, and provision optical services having IP nodes as extremities. It supports a variety of technologies, including optical and IP, and fully supports LO, LI, L2, and GMPLS applications. It is mainly focused on the Nokia 1830 PSS product family, as well as other older product families.
Question 2
Which of the following sentences about FlexGrid is false?
Options:
A.
FlexGrid allows a more efficient channel spacing.
B.
Channels in FlexGrid systems are allocated with a granularity of 27.5GHz.
C.
FlexGrid systems use specific sets of boards. Old generation WDM systems need to be upgraded to support FlexGrid.
D.
The FlexGrid is currently standardized by ITU-T.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Explanation:
FlexGrid is a flexible grid technology that allows for variable channel spacing and bandwidth allocation. It uses the same sets of boards as the traditional fixed grid systems and it does not require upgrading the old generation WDM systems.
References:
"Flexible Grid Optical Networks: From Concepts to Realizations" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
"Flexible Grid and Flexible Spectrum Optical Networks" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
"Flexible Grid Optical Networks" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
Question 3
Which mechanisms can be put in place to increase network survivability?
Options:
A.
Protection, where backup resources are pre-allocated and reserved; or restoration, where each trail can be recovered thanks to a 1+1 protection mechanism
B.
Protection, where backup resources are allocated upon failure; or restoration, where each trail can be recovered thanks to a 1+1 protection mechanism
C.
Protection, where backup resources are allocated upon failure; or restoration, where backup resources are pre-allocated and reserved
D.
Protection, where backup resources are pre-allocated and reserved; or restoration, where backup resources are allocated upon failure.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Explanation:
There are two main mechanisms that can be put in place to increase network survivability: protection and restoration. Protection involves pre-allocating and reserving backup resources so that they are ready in case of a failure. Restoration involves allocating backup resources upon failure and using a 1+1 protection mechanism to recover each trail. This ensures that the network is able to re-route traffic in the event of a failure, increasing the overall survivability of the network.