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Nokia Optical Networking Fundamentals Questions and Answers
The NFM-T network map provides a graphical view of the network with different colors used to represent each node, physical connection, and active alarm. It allows the user to quickly identify any issues in the network and provides context sensitive navigation.
Question 2
What is a trail?
Options:
A.
An entity to encapsulate a low order signal into a high order container
B.
A transparent transport of a client signal
C.
A link between end points to increase the power budget of the optical link
D.
A physical link between two optical amplifiers
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Explanation:
A trail is a transparent transport of a client signal. A trail is a physical link between two points in an optical network, allowing for the transport of a client signal from one point to the other. It is a low-order signal, such as a 10G Ethernet or a Fibre Channel signal, encapsulated into a high-order container, such as a 40G or 100G signal. This allows for the transport of the client signal over longer distances, increasing the power budget of the optical link.
Question 3
Which of the following sentences about FlexGrid is false?
Options:
A.
FlexGrid allows a more efficient channel spacing.
B.
Channels in FlexGrid systems are allocated with a granularity of 27.5GHz.
C.
FlexGrid systems use specific sets of boards. Old generation WDM systems need to be upgraded to support FlexGrid.
D.
The FlexGrid is currently standardized by ITU-T.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Explanation:
FlexGrid is a flexible grid technology that allows for variable channel spacing and bandwidth allocation. It uses the same sets of boards as the traditional fixed grid systems and it does not require upgrading the old generation WDM systems.
References:
"Flexible Grid Optical Networks: From Concepts to Realizations" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
"Flexible Grid and Flexible Spectrum Optical Networks" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
"Flexible Grid Optical Networks" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis