4A0-205 Exam Dumps : Nokia Optical Networking Fundamentals

NFM-T is a network management system designed to manage optical networks in a unified manner. It is used to design, manage, and provision optical services having IP nodes as extremities. It supports a variety of technologies, including optical and IP, and fully supports LO, LI, L2, and GMPLS applications. It is mainly focused on the Nokia 1830 PSS product family, as well as other older product families.

A trail is a transparent transport of a client signal. A trail is a physical link between two points in an optical network, allowing for the transport of a client signal from one point to the other. It is a low-order signal, such as a 10G Ethernet or a Fibre Channel signal, encapsulated into a high-order container, such as a 40G or 100G signal. This allows for the transport of the client signal over longer distances, increasing the power budget of the optical link.

FlexGrid is a flexible grid technology that allows for variable channel spacing and bandwidth allocation. It uses the same sets of boards as the traditional fixed grid systems and it does not require upgrading the old generation WDM systems.

References:

• "Flexible Grid Optical Networks: From Concepts to Realizations" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
• "Flexible Grid and Flexible Spectrum Optical Networks" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
• "Flexible Grid Optical Networks" by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis