New Release Cloud-Deployment-and-Operations Courses and Certificates Questions

Patch Manager in AWS Systems Manager sends compliance reports to an Amazon S3 bucket, where they are stored for auditing and analysis. This allows administrators to track patch compliance status across EC2 instances and on-premises servers. The WGU Cloud Deployment and Operations Study Guide (Section 5.2, Patch Manager) states, "Patch Manager compliance reports are delivered to an S3 bucket configured as a target, providing a centralized location for reviewing patch status and compliance data." OpsWorks, EBS, and Route 53 are not used for storing these reports.

Amazon CloudWatch alarms can trigger notifications when a metric breaches a defined threshold. The AWS solution designed to send emails based on these alarms is Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS). SNS supports sending notifications via email, SMS, and other protocols when subscribed endpoints are triggered by CloudWatch alarms. The WGU Cloud Deployment and Operations Study Guide (Section 4.3, Monitoring and Alarms) states that SNS is the primary service for delivering notifications from CloudWatch, allowing users to configure emailsubscriptions for alarm states. Other options like SQS, Amplify, and Kinesis are not designed for this purpose.

The `GetSessionToken` API call is needed to perform MFA before accessing a resource, as it generates temporary security credentials for an IAM user after MFA validation. This ensures secure access to AWS resources. The WGU Cloud Deployment and Operations Study Guide (Section 6.2, IAM and MFA) states, "The `GetSessionToken` API is used with MFA to obtain temporary credentials, requiring a valid MFA code to authenticate the user before resource access is granted." GetCallerIdentity, GetFederationToken, and DecodeAuthorizationMessage serve different purposes and do not handle MFA authentication.

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CloudWatch should be used to identify and shut down idle EC2 instances by monitoring metrics such as CPU utilization or network activity. Custom alarms can be set to trigger an AWS Lambda function or Systems Manager automation to terminate idle instances, optimizing costs. The WGU Cloud Deployment and Operations Study Guide (Section 4.1, CloudWatch Metrics) states, "CloudWatch can monitor EC2 instance metrics like CPUUtilization; an alarm can be configured to invoke a Lambda function to terminate idle instances, ensuring cost efficiency." CloudFront, CloudSearch, and CloudTrail are not designed for this monitoring and automation task.