Huawei H12-891_V1.0 Exam With Confidence Using Practice Dumps

In MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), Label Switching Routers (LSRs) handle packets based on FECs (Forwarding Equivalence Classes) and their positions in the label-switched path:

Ingress LSR: The entry point for labeled packets; it classifies packets into FECs and assigns the initial label.

Transit LSR: Intermediate routers that swap labels and forward packets along the LSP.

Egress LSR: The last router in the LSP that removes the label and forwards the packet normally.

An LSR cannot be both an ingress and a transit router for the same FEC, because an ingress LSR is defined as the starting point for that specific FEC ' s LSP. If it’s the ingress, it means the labeled path starts there, so it can ' t be in the middle (transit) of that same path.

Therefore, the statement is FALSE.

Understanding OSPF Neighbor States

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) establishes neighbor relationships through several states:

1️⃣ Down: No Hello packets received.

2️⃣ Init: Router receives Hello packets but its own Router ID is missing in the received packets.

3️⃣ 2-Way: Routers see each other in Hello packets. (Stable state for non-DR/non-BDR routers).

4️⃣ ExStart: Routers start exchanging LSAs but may face MTU mismatches.

5️⃣ Exchange: Routers send Database Description (DBD) packets to synchronize link-state databases.

6️⃣ Loading: Routers exchange Link-State Requests (LSRs) & Updates (LSUs) to fully sync.

7️⃣ Full: Routers are fully synchronized.

Analysis of the Answer Choices

✅ A. For non-DR and non-BDR routers on an Ethernet link, the 2-Way state is acceptable.

Correct: Non-DR/Non-BDR routers remain in 2-Way state since they don’t need to form full adjacency.

✅ B. The Init state indicates that the router has received Hello packets from its neighbors, but the received Hello packets do not contain the OSPF RID of the receiving router.

Correct: If an OSPF router receives a Hello but does not see its own Router ID, it stays in the Init state.

✅ C. The ExStart state indicates that two neighbor routers have inconsistent MTUs or the same OSPF Router ID (RID).

Correct: If MTUs mismatch or RIDs conflict, the DBD exchange fails, causing routers to remain in ExStart state.

❌ D. The Attempt state indicates that the router does not send unicast Hello packets to configured neighbors.

Incorrect:

In Attempt state, routers send unicast Hello packets to manually configured neighbors (common in NBMA networks).

If no Hello responses are received, they remain in Attempt state, but they DO send Hellos.

Real-World Application

OSPF Troubleshooting: Identifying routers stuck in Init or ExStart states can point to MTU mismatches or neighbor misconfigurations.

NBMA Networks (Frame Relay, DMVPN): Manually configured neighbors may stay in Attempt state if Hello packets are lost.

✅ Reference: Huawei HCIE-Datacom Study Guide – OSPF Neighbor States & Troubleshooting

Huawei Switch Deployment Methods in CloudCampus

✅ A. DHCP Option 148 – Used for automatic device registration in iMaster NCE-Campus.

✅ B. CLI (Command-Line Interface) – Traditional manual configuration method using the command-line interface.

✅ C. Web Interface – Web GUI-based configuration for easy management.

✅ D. Huawei Registration Center – Cloud-based automatic registration and provisioning for plug-and-play deployment.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei CloudCampus Deployment Guide – Device Onboarding Methods

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – Zero-Touch Deployment (ZTP) in CloudCampus