Free and Premium Confluent CCDAK Dumps Questions Answers

According to the official Apache Kafka producer metrics documentation, the I/O thread ratio and I/O thread wait ratio indicate how busy the producer’s network I/O thread is and how much time it spends waiting. When both metrics are low, it means the I/O thread is underutilized and not blocked on network operations.

This strongly suggests that the bottleneck is not network-related. If there were network latency or a bad data link (Option B), the I/O thread wait ratio would be high. Similarly, large batches (Option A) or compression (Option D) generally increase throughput and would result in higher I/O utilization.

An expensive or blocking callback function (for example, heavy logic in onCompletion()) executes in the producer’s sender thread context. Kafka documentation explicitly warns that slow callbacks can throttle producer throughput because they delay the processing of acknowledgements and subsequent sends.

Therefore, the most likely and documented cause of low producer throughput with low I/O utilization is expensive callback logic in the producer code.

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In Kafka Streams, the number of stream tasks = number of input partitions × num.stream.threads × number of instances, but only as many as the number of partitions can actively consume at once.

However, in this case, Kafka Streams assigns one task per partition, and because there are 5 partitions and 15 threads (3 instances × 5 threads), 15 tasks are created, and all 15 can be active depending on processing topology.

From Kafka Streams Developer Guide:

"Kafka Streams creates one task per input partition. If you increase the number of stream threads, it runs multiple tasks in parallel within a single instance."

So, 15 stream tasks will be created and 15 will be actively consuming.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

✅ C. Consumers can consume both committed and uncommitted transactions.By default, Kafka consumers only read committed messages if they are configured with isolation.level=read_committed. However, if configured as read_uncommitted, they can also consume uncommitted (potentially aborted) transactional messages.

From Kafka Documentation:

"The isolation.level setting controls whether the consumer will read only committed messages or all messages, including uncommitted messages from ongoing or aborted transactions."

✅ D. Information about producers and their transactions is stored in the _transaction_state topic.Kafka uses an internal topic named __transaction_state to maintain metadata about producer transactions. This topic is essential for tracking the transaction lifecycle, fencing, and recovery.

From Kafka Internals:

“Kafka stores the state of active and completed transactions in an internal topic called __transaction_state.”

When using Kafka Connect with sink connectors (like S3 Sink), each task is assigned one or more topic partitions. The total number of partitions (6) is evenly distributed across the available tasks (2). Thus, each task will handle 3 partitions.

From Kafka Connect Documentation:

“Kafka Connect divides the topic partitions among available tasks. For example, a topic with six partitions and two tasks results in each task handling three partitions.”

As documented in the official Apache Kafka Connect framework documentation, Kafka Connect workers form a logical cluster by using a Kafka consumer group. The configuration property that identifies this cluster is group.id.

All Kafka Connect workers configured with the same group.id automatically join the same Connect cluster. Kafka’s group coordination protocol is then used to distribute connector and task configurations among the workers, providing fault tolerance, scalability, and automatic rebalancing.

Option A (cluster.id) is a Kafka internal identifier used by brokers and is not configurable for Kafka Connect workers. Option B (worker.id) does not exist as a valid Kafka Connect configuration. Option D (connector.id) identifies individual connectors within a Connect cluster, not the worker cluster itself.

Therefore, the group.id property is the correct and officially documented configuration that determines which Kafka Connect cluster a worker belongs to.

Increasing partitions increases parallelism, but also means:

Consumers in a group may have to handle more partitions, especially if the number of consumers is lower than the number of partitions.

This can result in increased lag, especially under high load.

From Kafka Topic Management Docs:

“Increasing the number of partitions increases consumer work, and if consumers can’t keep up, lag can accumulate.”

A is false: existing data is not redistributed.

B is false: records with the same key always map to the same partition based on hash.

D is not directly impacted by the partition count.

The default maximum message size that a Kafka broker accepts is 1MB (1,048,576 bytes), controlled by the config property message.max.bytes.

From Kafka Broker Configuration Docs:

“The default maximum message size is 1MB. To accept larger messages, configure message.max.bytes and the producer’s max.request.size.”

Producers also have a matching limit via max.request.size, and consumers via fetch.message.max.bytes.

To skip a corrupted record and avoid failing the application, you must seek past the failed offset manually using consumer.seek(). This allows the application to resume consumption from the next offset.

From Kafka Consumer Error Handling Docs:

“On deserialization failure, you can catch RecordDeserializationException, log the error, and call seek() to the next offset to skip the bad record.”

A does not prevent re-processing the bad record.

C is invalid; there's no skip() method in the Kafka consumer API.

D results in service interruption — not ideal for resiliency.

The official Apache Kafka Connect documentation explains that connectors run within the same worker JVM, and all logs are written through the worker’s logging framework (Log4j or Log4j2). To isolate logs for a specific connector, Kafka Connect supports connector-specific logging contexts, which can be routed to separate log files using logging configuration.

By modifying the log4j.properties (or log4j2.xml) file to define a dedicated logger and appender for the connector’s package or class name, you can direct logs from that connector to a separate file. This is the recommended and documented approach for debugging individual connectors in a shared Connect cluster.

Option A is incorrect because there is no generic “enable connector context” switch. Option B may increase verbosity but does not isolate logs per connector. Option D is false; Kafka Connect explicitly supports connector-level log separation through logging configuration.

Therefore, the correct approach is to configure a dedicated log appender for the specific connector.

RetriableException is a subclass of KafkaException, indicating transient issues that might succeed if retried. Examples include:

LeaderNotAvailableException: Happens when metadata is not yet propagated or leader election is in progress.

NotEnoughReplicasException: Happens when the number of in-sync replicas is insufficient. This can be transient if replicas come back online.

From the Apache Kafka Java Client documentation:

"These exceptions (like LeaderNotAvailableException, NotEnoughReplicasException) are transient and the client will retry them automatically depending on retry configuration."

RecordTooLargeException and AuthorizationException are non-retriable as they indicate client-side or permission errors.

max.poll.interval.ms defines the maximum delay between invocations of poll() before the consumer is considered failed. It essentially gives consumers more time to process records before needing to poll again.

From Kafka Consumer Configuration Reference:

“max.poll.interval.ms: The maximum delay between invocations of poll() when using consumer group management. If poll() is not called before expiration, the consumer is considered failed.”

session.timeout.ms and heartbeat.interval.ms relate to group coordination and heartbeats.

fetch.max.wait.ms affects how long the broker waits to accumulate data before sending a fetch response.

According to the Apache Kafka producer documentation, serialization is configured independently for message keys and values. The key and value can use different serializers depending on their data types.

In this scenario, the message key is a string, so the producer must be configured with org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer for the key. The value contains JSON, so a suitable JSON serializer must be configured for the value, such as a custom JSON serializer, a library-based serializer, or a byte-array serializer after converting the JSON to bytes.

Option B correctly reflects this separation by specifying a string serializer for the key and a JSON serializer for the value. Kafka does not automatically infer serializers, and setting a serializer to null is invalid. Additionally, there is no built-in “JSON” serializer for keys, making Option D incorrect.

Therefore, the correct approach—fully aligned with Kafka’s producer configuration model—is to explicitly configure a StringSerializer for the key and a JSON-capable serializer for the value.

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If the consumer fails to send heartbeats in time (due to being slow under load), it is considered dead, causing a rebalance. Increasing session.timeout.ms gives the consumer more time to process messages and send heartbeats, preventing premature removal.

From Kafka Docs > Heartbeats and Failures:

“If the consumer does not send a heartbeat in session.timeout.ms, it is considered dead and the group coordinator will trigger a rebalance.”

Reducing max.poll.records might slow consumption further. More consumers won’t help since each partition already has a dedicated consumer.

Low I/O thread activity with blocked throughput often indicates that producer callbacks are consuming too much time, causing the sender thread to block while waiting for onCompletion() to finish.

From Kafka Producer Performance Guide:

“Expensive logic in callbacks (e.g., I/O or complex computation) can block the sender thread, reducing throughput.”

Compression (A) may slightly impact CPU but not I/O thread usage.

Large batches (B) improve throughput if managed correctly.

A Layer 2 network issue (C) would lead to packet loss, not specifically low callback metrics.

The onCompletion() method of Kafka’s Callback interface is executed once the broker acknowledges the message. This includes success or failure, and it is invoked asynchronously by the producer.

From Kafka Java Client API Documentation:

“The onCompletion method will be called when the record sent to the server has been acknowledged, or when an error occurs.”

This ensures that the record was sent and acknowledged, not just added to a batch or local buffer.

The ConsumerRebalanceListener lets you handle partition assignments and revocations during rebalances. This is critical for managing offsets, stateful processing, or external transactions.

From Kafka Consumer Rebalance Docs:

“Implementing ConsumerRebalanceListener allows your application to take action before and after partitions are reassigned.”

A is true: It lets your app react when partitions assigned to the consumer change.

B, C, and D are unrelated to consumer rebalancing directly.

According to the official Apache Kafka Connect and Confluent JDBC Source Connector documentation, the correct connector class for a JDBC source connector is io.confluent.connect.jdbc.JdbcSourceConnector. This connector is used to read data from relational databases and publish each table as a Kafka topic.

To read all rows from a specific table, the configuration must include table.whitelist (or table.include.list in newer versions) with the table name, and a topic.prefix to determine the Kafka topic name. In this case, using topic.prefix=dbl- with table.whitelist=orders results in records being written to the dbl-orders topic, which matches the requirement.

Options A, B, and C are invalid because they reference a non-existent connector class (DdbcSourceConnector), contain unsupported properties such as topic.whitelist for a source connector, or include malformed/incorrect JDBC parameters. Additionally, blacklisting tables does not ensure that only the orders table is read.

Therefore, option D is the only configuration that is syntactically correct, uses the proper connector class, and aligns with the official Kafka Connect JDBC Source Connector documentation.

Using assign() gives manual control over partition assignment. In this mode:

B is true: The application chooses partitions directly without involving the group coordinator.

C is true: Since no group coordination occurs, no rebalancing happens if a consumer dies.

From Kafka Consumer API Docs:

“assign() manually assigns a list of partitions to this consumer. No coordination takes place and no rebalancing is triggered.”

A is false: subscribe() and assign() are mutually exclusive.

D is incorrect: Partitions don't need to be equal across topics.

Correct Matches

path.format→Only valid for some Source Connectors

value.converter→Valid for all Source Connectors

input.path→Only valid for some Source Connectors

errors.retry.timeout→Valid for all Source Connectors

tasks.max→Valid for all Source Connectors

path.formatThis is a connector-specific configuration, commonly used by file-based or storage-based source connectors (for example, HDFS, S3, or FilePulse connectors). It isnot part of the Kafka Connect framework itself, so it is only valid for some source connectors.

value.converterThis is aworker-level configurationthat defines how record values are converted (JSON, Avro, Protobuf, etc.). It applies toall connectorsrunning on the worker unless overridden at the connector level.

input.pathThis configuration is specific to file-based source connectors (e.g., FileStreamSourceConnector). It isnot universally supported, so it is only valid for some source connectors.

errors.retry.timeoutThis is part of Kafka Connect’serror handling framework, introduced to support retries and tolerance of transient errors. It is ageneric Connect configurationand valid for all connectors.

tasks.maxThis is amandatory, generic connector configurationthat controls the maximum number of tasks a connector may create. It is valid forall source (and sink) connectors.

The Apache Kafka Streams documentation clearly distinguishes between the Kafka Streams DSL and the Processor API. While the DSL is designed for common stream processing operations such as filtering, mapping, joining, and aggregations, it does not support fully custom processing logic.

For use cases that require custom transformations, fine-grained control over record processing, access to headers, timestamps, state stores, and punctuation, Kafka Streams provides the Processor API. This API allows developers to implement custom Processor, Transformer, or ValueTransformer classes and explicitly define the processing topology.

Option A (TopologyTestDriver) is a testing utility, not a development API. Option C (DSL) is higher-level and not suitable for advanced custom logic. Option D does not exist in Kafka.

Therefore, the correct and officially supported approach for defining custom processors in Kafka Streams is to use the Processor API.

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The offset in the RecordMetadata object returned by the producer represents the position of the record in the partition — i.e., the sequential ID assigned by Kafka once the message is committed.

From Kafka Producer API Documentation:

“The offset is the position of the record in the partition. This is a unique, sequential number assigned by the broker.”

D refers to metadata.partition(), not offset().

B and C are unrelated to how Kafka handles committed offsets.

For Kafka Streams to perform joins, topics must be co-partitioned, meaning:

They have the same number of partitions (A), and

They use the same partitioning strategy (typically by key) (B)

From Kafka Streams Documentation > Joins:

“Co-partitioning is required for Kafka Streams joins. Topics must have the same number of partitions and use the same key-based partitioner.”

Value schema (C) and retention time (D) have no bearing on join compatibility.

To send failed records to a dead letter queue (DLQ), you must configure:

errors.tolerance=all: Tells the connector to not fail on errors but handle them (e.g., send to DLQ).

errors.deadletterqueue.topic.name=DLQ-Topic: Specifies the DLQ topic.

errors.deadletterqueue.context.headers.enable=true: Includes error context in message headers.

From Kafka Connect Error Handling Docs:

“Kafka Connect supports directing problematic records to a separate topic (DLQ) using errors.* configs. Headers can include failure metadata.”

Options D, E, F are related to logging, not DLQ behavior.

According to the official Apache Kafka Connect documentation, RegexRouter is the SMT specifically designed to dynamically change the destination topic name of records produced by a connector. It works by applying a regular expression to the original topic name and rewriting it to a new topic name.

This makes RegexRouter the correct choice when some records must be routed to a different topic, typically in combination with connector-level logic, predicates, or multiple connectors. It is commonly used for topic renaming, topic versioning, or routing records to alternate topics.

InsertField (Option B) only adds metadata fields (such as topic, partition, or timestamp) to the record payload and does not affect routing. TombstoneHandler (Option C) is used to manage null-value records, especially with compacted topics. HeaderFrom (Option D) copies fields into headers but does not change the target topic.

Therefore, RegexRouter is the only SMT that directly supports changing the output topic, as documented in the Kafka Connect SMT reference.

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With acks=all and min.insync.replicas=2, Kafka requires at least two in-sync replicas to acknowledge a write. If only one broker is alive, the condition fails, and NotEnoughReplicasException is thrown by the producer.

From Kafka Producer Exception Docs:

“NotEnoughReplicasException is thrown when the number of in-sync replicas is insufficient to satisfy acks=all with min.insync.replicas.”

NetworkException is generic and not raised here.

NotCoordinatorException is related to consumer group coordination.

NotLeaderForPartitionException is unrelated unless accessing an unassigned leader.

Session windows are ideal for tracking periods of activity separated by inactivity, such as user sessions.

From Kafka Streams Documentation > Windowing:

“A session window captures streams of events that are intermittent and separated by a gap of inactivity.”

Tumbling/Hopping/Sliding windows are fixed in size

Session windows are dynamic and close after inactivity timeout

This makes them perfect for identifying gaps in user interaction.

Kafka Connect can run in standalone mode or distributed mode. For simple tasks like reading logs from a file on a single host, standalone mode is recommended.

From Kafka Connect User Guide:

“Standalone mode is useful when running connectors on a single machine (e.g., for development or simple deployments like log collection from a local file).”

Distributed mode is preferred for scalability and fault tolerance but overkill for this use case.