Newly Released Amazon Web Services SCS-C02 Exam PDF

AWS Certified Security - Specialty Questions and Answers

Question 133

A company has several workloads running on AWS. Employees are required to authenticate using on-premises ADFS and SSO to access the AWS Management

Console. Developers migrated an existing legacy web application to an Amazon EC2 instance. Employees need to access this application from anywhere on the internet, but currently, there is no authentication system built into the application.

How should the Security Engineer implement employee-only access to this system without changing the application?

Options:

Place the application behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Use Amazon Cognito as authentication for the ALB. Define a SAML-based Amazon Cognito user pool and connect it to ADFS.

Implement AWS SSO in the master account and link it to ADFS as an identity provider. Define the EC2 instance as a managed resource, then apply an IAM policy on the resource.

Define an Amazon Cognito identity pool, then install the connector on the Active Directory server. Use the Amazon Cognito SDK on the application instance to authenticate the employees using their Active Directory user names and passwords.

Create an AWS Lambda custom authorizer as the authenticator for a reverse proxy on Amazon EC2. Ensure the security group on Amazon EC2 only allows access from the Lambda function.

Question 134

A company uses AWS Organizations. The company has teams that use an AWS CloudHSM hardware security module (HSM) that is hosted in a central AWS account. One of the teams creates its own new dedicated AWS account and wants to use the HSM that is hosted in the central account.

How should a security engineer share the HSM that is hosted in the central account with the new dedicated account?

Options:

Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the VPC subnet ID of the HSM that is hosted in the central account with the new dedicated account. Configure the CloudHSM security group to accept inbound traffic from the private IP addresses of client instances in the new dedicated account.

Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to create a cross-account rote to access the CloudHSM cluster that is in the central account Create a new IAM user in the new dedicated account Assign the cross-account rote to the new IAM user.

Use AWS 1AM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to create an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) token to authenticate from the new dedicated account to the central account. Use the cross-account permissions that are assigned to the STS token to invoke an operation on the HSM in the central account.

Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the ID of the HSM that is hosted in the central account with the new dedicated account. Configure the CloudHSM security group to accept inbound traffic from the private IP addresses of client instances in the new dedicated account.

Question 135

A company has an application that processes personally identifiable information (Pll). The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company's security policies require that data is encrypted in transit at all times to avoid the possibility of exposing any Pll in plaintext.

Which solutions could a security engineer use to meet these requirements'? (Select TWO )

Options:

Terminate SSL from clients on the existing ALB. Use HTTPS to connect from the ALB to the EC2 instances.

Replace the existing ALB with a Network Load Balancer (NLB) On the NLB, configure an SSL listener and TCP passthrough to receive client connections Terminate HTTPS traffic from the NLB on the EC2 instances.

Replace the existing ALB with a Network Load Balancer (NLB) On the NLB, configure TCP passthrough to receive client connections Terminate SSL from the NLB on the EC2 instances

Configure a Network Load Balancer (NLB) with TCP passthrough to receive client connections Terminate SSL on the existing ALB.

Configure a Network Load Balancer (NLB) with a TLS listener to receive client connections Configure TCP passthrough on the existing ALB so that the NLB can reach the EC2 instances Terminate SSL from the ALB on the EC2 instances.

Question 136

A security team is working on a solution that will use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to monitor new Amazon S3 objects. The solution will monitor for public access and for changes to any S3 bucket policy or setting that result in public access. The security team configures EventBridge to watch for specific API calls that are logged from AWS CloudTrail. EventBridge has an action to send an email notification through Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to the security team immediately with details of the API call.

Specifically, the security team wants EventBridge to watch for the s3:PutObjectAcl, s3:DeleteBucketPolicy, and s3:PutBucketPolicy API invocation logs from CloudTrail. While developing the solution in a single account, the security team discovers that the s3:PutObjectAcl API call does not invoke an EventBridge event. However, the s3:DeleteBucketPolicy API call and the s3:PutBucketPolicy API call do invoke an event.

The security team has enabled CloudTrail for AWS management events with a basic configuration in the AWS Region in which EventBridge is being tested. Verification of the EventBridge event pattern indicates that the pattern is set up correctly. The security team must implement a solution so that the s3:PutObjectAcl API call will invoke an EventBridge event. The solution must not generate false notifications.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Modify the EventBridge event pattern by selecting Amazon S3. Select All Events as the event type.

Modify the EventBridge event pattern by selecting Amazon S3. Select Bucket Level Operations as the event type.

Enable CloudTrail Insights to identify unusual API activity.

Enable CloudTrail to monitor data events for read and write operations to S3 buckets.

Answer:

Explanation:

The correct answer is D. Enable CloudTrail to monitor data events for read and write operations to S3 buckets.

According to the AWS documentation1, CloudTrail data events are the resource operations performed on or within a resource. These are also known as data plane operations. Data events are often high-volume activities. For example, Amazon S3 object-level API activity (such as GetObject, DeleteObject, and PutObject) is a data event.

By default, trails do not log data events. To record CloudTrail data events, you must explicitly add the supported resources or resource types for which you want to collect activity.For more information, see Logging data events in the Amazon S3 User Guide2.

In this case, the security team wants EventBridge to watch for the s3:PutObjectAcl API invocation logs from CloudTrail.This API uses the acl subresource to set the access control list (ACL) permissions for a new or existing object in an S3 bucket3. This is a data event that affects the S3 object resource type. Therefore, the security team must enable CloudTrail to monitor data events for read and write operations to S3 buckets in order to invoke an EventBridge event for this API call.

The other options are incorrect because:

A. Modifying the EventBridge event pattern by selecting Amazon S3 and All Events as the event type will not capture the s3:PutObjectAcl API call, because this is a data event and not a management event. Management events provide information about management operations that are performed on resources in your AWS account.These are also known as control plane operations4.

B. Modifying the EventBridge event pattern by selecting Amazon S3 and Bucket Level Operations as the event type will not capture the s3:PutObjectAcl API call, because this is a data event that affects the S3 object resource type and not the S3 bucket resource type.Bucket level operations are management events that affect the configuration or metadata of an S3 bucket5.

C. Enabling CloudTrail Insights to identify unusual API activity will not help the security team monitor new S3 objects or changes to any S3 bucket policy or setting that result in public access.CloudTrail Insights helps AWS users identify andrespond to unusual activity associated with API calls and API error rates by continuously analyzing CloudTrail management events6. It does not analyze data events or generate EventBridge events.

[References:, 1:CloudTrail log event reference - AWS CloudTrail2:Logging data events - AWS CloudTrail3:PutObjectAcl - Amazon Simple Storage Service4: [Logging management events - AWS CloudTrail]5: [Amazon S3 Event Types - Amazon Simple Storage Service]6:Logging Insights events for trails - AWS CloudTrail, , , , ]

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Newly Released Amazon Web Services SCS-C02 Exam PDF

AWS Certified Security - Specialty Questions and Answers

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