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ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Questions and Answers

Question 1

What is recommended to use between the plant floor and the rest of the company networks?

Options:

A.

Hub

B.

Router

C.

Switch

D.

Firewall

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Question 2

Which protocol is commonly used for managing the security of message transmission on the Internet via web browsers?

Options:

A.

TLS

B.

L2TP

C.

PPTP

D.

IPsec

Question 3

Which is a role of the application layer?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Includes protocols specific to network applications such as email, file transfer, and reading data registers in a PLC

B.

Includes user applications specific to network applications such as email, file transfer, and reading data registers in a PLC

C.

Provides the mechanism for opening, closing, and managing a session between end-user application processes

D.

Delivers and formats information, possibly with encryption and security

Question 4

How many security levels are in the ISASecure certification program?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

2

B.

3

C.

4

D.

5

Question 5

Which of the following is a recommended default rule for IACS firewalls?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Allow all traffic by default.

B.

Allow IACS devices to access the Internet.

C.

Allow traffic directly from the IACS network to the enterprise network.

D.

Block all traffic by default.

Question 6

Which is the PRIMARY reason why Modbus over Ethernet is easy to manaqe in a firewall?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Modbus uses a single master to communicate with multiple slaves usinq simple commands.

B.

Modbus is a proprietary protocol that is widely supported by vendors.

C.

Modbus uses explicit source and destination IP addresses and a sinqle known TCP port.

D.

Modbus has no known security vulnerabilities, so firewall rules are simple to implement.

Question 7

What is the purpose of ISO/IEC 15408 (Common Criteria)?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

To define a security management organization

B.

To describe a process for risk management

C.

To define a product development evaluation methodology

D.

To describe what constitutes a secure product

Question 8

Which statement is TRUE reqardinq application of patches in an IACS environment?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Patches should be applied as soon as they are available.

B.

Patches should be applied within one month of availability.

C.

Patches never should be applied in an IACS environment.

D.

Patches should be applied based on the organization's risk assessment.

Question 9

Which of the following attacks relies on a human weakness to succeed?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Denial-of-service

B.

Phishing

C.

Escalation-of-privileges

D.

Spoofing

Question 10

Which of the following refers to internal rules that govern how an organization protects critical system resources?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Formal guidance

B.

Legislation

C.

Security policy

D- Code of conduct

Question 11

In a defense-in-depth strategy, what is the purpose of role-based access control?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Ensures that users can access systems from remote locations

B.

Ensures that users can access only certain devices on the network

C.

Ensures that users can access only the functions they need for their job

D.

Ensures that users correctly manage their username and password

Question 12

Electronic security, as defined in ANSI/ISA-99.00.01:2007. includes which of the following?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Security guidelines for the proper configuration of IACS computers and operating systems

B.

Computers, networks, operating systems, applications, and other programmable configurable components of the system

C.

Personnel, policies, and procedures related to the security of computers, networks. PLCs, and other programmable configurable components of the system

D.

Security guidelines for the proper configuration of IACS PLCs and other programmable configurable components of the system

Question 13

Which of the following tools has the potential for serious disruption of a control network and should not be used on a live system?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Remote desktop

B.

Vulnerability scanner

C.

FTP

D.

Web browser

Question 14

Which is one of the PRIMARY goals of providing a framework addressing secure product development life-cycle requirements?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Aligned development process

B.

Aligned needs of industrial users

C.

Well-documented security policies and procedures

D.

Defense-in-depth approach to designing

Question 15

Which of the following is the BEST reason for periodic audits?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

To confirm audit procedures

B.

To meet regulations

C.

To validate that security policies and procedures are performing

D.

To adhere to a published or approved schedule

Question 16

Which of the following is an industry sector-specific standard?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

ISA-62443 (EC 62443)

B.

NIST SP800-82

C.

API 1164

D.

D. ISO 27001

Question 17

Which is a PRIMARY reason why network security is important in IACS environments?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

PLCs are inherently unreliable.

B.

PLCs are programmed using ladder logic.

C.

PLCs use serial or Ethernet communications methods.

D.

PLCs under cyber attack can have costly and dangerous impacts.

Question 18

What is Modbus?

Options:

A.

A programming language

B.

A network security standard

C.

A type of industrial machinery

D.

A serial communications protocol

Question 19

What is the definition of "defense in depth" when referring to

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Using countermeasures that have intrinsic technical depth.

B.

Aligning all resources to provide a broad technical gauntlet

C.

Requiring a minimum distance requirement between security assets

D.

Applying multiple countermeasures in a layered or stepwise manner

Question 20

Which layer specifies the rules for Modbus Application Protocol

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Data link layer

B.

Session layer

C.

Presentation layer

D.

Application layer

Question 21

Safety management staff are stakeholders of what security program development?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

CSMS

B.

SPRP

C.

CSA

D.

ERM

Question 22

What is the purpose of ICS-CERT Alerts?

Options:

A.

To inform about hardware upgrades

B.

To advertise cybersecurity services

C.

To notify the owners of critical infrastructure

D.

To alert of targeted global energy sector threats

Question 23

Which organization is responsible for the ISA 62443 series of standards?

Options:

A.

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

B.

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

C.

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

D.

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

Question 24

Which of the following BEST describes ‘Vulnerability’?

Options:

A.

An exploitable flaw in management

B.

An event that could breach security

C.

The potential for violation of security

D.

The result that occurs from a particular incident

Question 25

Which type of cryptographic algorithms requires more than one key?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Block ciphers

B.

Stream ciphers

C.

Symmetric (private) key

D.

Asymmetric (public) key

Question 26

Which steps are part of implementing countermeasures?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Establish the risk tolerance and select common countermeasures.

B.

Establish the risk tolerance and update the business continuity plan.

C.

Select common countermeasures and update the business continuity plan.

D.

Select common countermeasures and collaborate with stakeholders.

Question 27

Which is a commonly used protocol for managing secure data transmission on the Internet?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)

B.

Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption

C.

Secure Telnet

D.

Secure Sockets Layer

Question 28

Why is patch management more difficult for IACS than for business systems?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Overtime pay is required for technicians.

B.

Many more approvals are required.

C.

Patching a live automation system can create safety risks.

D.

Business systems automatically update.

Question 29

Which of the following is a cause for the increase in attacks on IACS?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Use of proprietary communications protocols

B.

The move away from commercial off the shelf (COTS) systems, protocols, and networks

C.

Knowledge of exploits and tools readily available on the Internet

D.

Fewer personnel with system knowledge having access to IACS

Question 30

Which is the implementation of PROFIBUS over Ethernet for non-safety-related communications?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

PROFIBUS DP

B.

PROFIBUS PA

C.

PROFINET

D.

PROF1SAFE

Question 31

How can Modbus be secured?

Options:

A.

By firewall

B.

By using a VPN

C.

By limiting user access

D.

By encrypting all data packets

Question 32

Which part of the standard provides a list of possible Foundational Requirements to address assessed risks?

Options:

A.

ISA/IEC 62443-3-1

B.

ISA/IEC 62443-3-2

C.

ISA/IEC 62443-3-3

D.

ISA/IEC 62443-3-4

Question 33

What does ISASecure primarily focus on?

Options:

A.

Developing internal testing labs

B.

Certifying IACS products and systems for cybersecurity

C.

Offering assessments for integrator site engineering practices

D.

Managing asset owner operations and maintenance practices

Question 34

Which is the PRIMARY responsibility of the network layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Forwards packets, including routing through intermediate routers

B.

Gives transparent transfer of data between end users

C.

Provides the rules for framing, converting electrical signals to data

D.

Handles the physics of getting a message from one device to another

Question 35

Which of the following provides the overall conceptual basis in the design of an appropriate security program?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Asset model

B.

Zone model

C.

Reference model

D.

Reference architecture

Question 36

The Risk Analysis category contains background information that is used where?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Many other elements in the CSMS

B.

(Elements external to the CSMS

C.

Only the Assessment element

D.

Only the Risk ID element

Question 37

What is one challenge associated with firewalls?

Options:

A.

Difficulty of installation

B.

Need for constant updates

C.

That they can only filter HTTP traffic

D.

Deciding how they should be configured

Question 38

What is the name of the protocol that implements serial Modbus over Ethernet?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

MODBUS/CIP

B.

MODBUS/Ethernet

C.

MODBUS/Plus

D.

MODBUS/TCP

Question 39

What is the primary purpose of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)?

Options:

A.

To create new cybersecurity technologies

B.

To replace existing cybersecurity standards

C.

To enhance the resilience of critical infrastructure

D.

To provide a certification program for organizations

Question 40

Which is NOT a potential consequence for organizations that fail to prioritize control system security?

Options:

A.

Personal injury

B.

Decreased energy consumption

C.

Unauthorized access, theft, or misuse of data

D.

Violation of legal and regulatory requirements

Question 41

What are the three main components of the ISASecure Integrated Threat Analysis (ITA) Program?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

Software development security assurance, functional security assessment, and communications robustness testing

B.

Software robustness security testing, functional software assessment assurance, and essential security functionality assessment

C.

Communications robustness testing, functional security assurance, and software robustness communications

D.

Communication speed, disaster recovery, and essential security functionality assessment

Question 42

Which organization manages the ISASecure conformance certification program?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

American Society for Industrial Security

B.

Automation Federation

C.

National Institute of Standards and Technology

D.

Security Compliance Institute

Question 43

Within the National Institute of Standards and Technoloqv Cybersecuritv Framework v1.0 (NIST CSF), what is the status of the ISA 62443 standards?

Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Options:

A.

They are used as informative references.

B.

They are used as normative references.

C.

They are under consideration for future use.

D.

They are not used.

Question 44

To which category of the ISA-62443 (IEC 62443) series does the document titled “Patch management in the IACS environment” belong?

Options:

A.

System

B.

General

C.

Component

D.

Policies and Procedures

Question 45

Which of the following staff is NOT mentioned as a stakeholder in the CSMS Program?

Options:

A.

Marketing

B.

Operations

C.

IT security

D.

Physical security