Pass Using ISA-IEC-62443 Exam Dumps

Phishing is a type of cyberattack that relies on a human weakness to succeed. Phishing is the practice of sending fraudulent emails or other messages that appear to come from a legitimate source, such as a bank, a government agency, or a trusted person, in order to trick the recipient into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, or personal details, or into clicking on malicious links or attachments that may install malware or ransomware on their devices. Phishing is a common and effective way of compromising the security of industrial automation and control systems (IACS), as it can bypass technical security measures by exploiting the human factor. Phishing can also be used to gain access to the IACS network, to conduct reconnaissance, to launch further attacks, or to cause damage or disruption to the IACS operations. The ISA/IEC 62443 series of standards recognize phishing as a potential threat vector for IACS and provide guidance and best practices on how to prevent, detect, and respond to phishing attacks. Some of the recommended countermeasures include:

Educating and training the IACS staff on how to recognize and avoid phishing emails and messages, and how to report any suspicious or malicious activity.

Implementing and enforcing policies and procedures for email and message security, such as using strong passwords, verifying the sender’s identity, and not opening or clicking on unknown or unsolicited links or attachments.

Applying technical security controls, such as antivirus software, firewalls, spam filters, encryption, and authentication, to protect the IACS devices and network from phishing attacks.

Monitoring and auditing the IACS network and devices for any signs of phishing attacks, such as anomalous or unauthorized traffic, connections, or activities, and taking appropriate actions to contain and mitigate the impact of any incidents. References:

ISA/IEC 62443-1-1:2009, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 1-1: Terminology, concepts and models1

ISA/IEC 62443-2-1:2009, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 2-1: Establishing an industrial automation and control systems security program2

ISA/IEC 62443-2-4:2015, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 2-4: Security program requirements for IACS service providers3

ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2013, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-3: System security requirements and security levels4

ISA/IEC 62443-4-2:2019, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components5

A security policy refers to internal rules that govern how an organization protects critical system resources, such as industrial control systems (ICS). A security policy defines the objectives, scope, roles, responsibilities, and requirements for securing the ICS environment, as well as the procedures and guidelines for implementing, monitoring, and enforcing the security measures. A security policy also establishes the baseline for assessing and managing the security risks to the ICS, and for ensuring compliance with relevant standards, regulations, and best practices. A security policy is a key component of the ICS security program, and it should be documented, communicated, and reviewed regularly.

The other choices are not correct because:

A. Formal guidance. Formal guidance refers to external sources of information and recommendations that can help an organization improve its ICS security posture, such as standards, frameworks, guidelines, and best practices. Formal guidance is not an internal rule, but rather a reference that can be used to develop, implement, and evaluate the security policy and controls. For example, the ISA/IEC 62443 series of standards provide formal guidance on how to secure ICS from cyber threats1.

B. Legislation. Legislation refers to external laws and regulations that impose legal obligations and penalties on an organization for its ICS security performance, such as the NERC CIP standards for the electric sector2, or the EU NIS Directive for critical infrastructure operators3. Legislation is not an internal rule, but rather a compliance requirement that must be met by the organization. Legislation may also influence the security policy and controls, as the organization needs to align its security objectives and practices with the legal expectations and consequences.

D. Code of conduct. A code of conduct refers to a set of ethical principles and values that guide the behavior and decision-making of an organization and its employees, such as honesty, integrity, respect, and accountability. A code of conduct is not an internal rule for protecting critical system resources, but rather a general norm for conducting business and maintaining a positive reputation. A code of conduct may also support the security policy and culture, as it can foster a sense of responsibility and trust among the ICS stakeholders.

Role-based access control (RBAC) is a method of restricting access to resources based on the roles of individual users within an organization. RBAC assigns permissions and responsibilities to roles, rather than to individual users, and then assigns users to those roles. This way, users can only perform the actions that are relevant and necessary for their role, and not access or modify any other resources that are beyond their scope of authority. RBAC is one of the security countermeasures that can be implemented in a defense-in-depth strategy, which is a layered approach to protect industrial automation and control systems (IACS) from cyber threats. RBAC can help prevent unauthorized access, misuse, or sabotage of IACS resources, as well as reduce the risk of human error or insider attacks.

In ANSI/ISA-99.00.01:2007, which is part of the ISA/IEC 62443 standards, electronic security encompasses both the technical and human aspects of cybersecurity within industrial automated and control systems (IACS). Option B correctly highlights components such as computers, networks, operating systems, applications, and other programmable configurable components which are intrinsic to the system's electronic security framework. Option C is also correct as it includes the personnel, policies, and procedures which play a crucial role in securing these systems. This emphasizes that security is not only about the technological solutions but also about managing human elements and organizational processes effectively.

ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals References:

ISA/IEC 62443 standards focus on the holistic nature of security which is clearly supported by including both the technological (Option B) and human elements (Option C) in the definition of electronic security.