Fortinet FCSS_EFW_AD-7.4 Exam With Confidence Using Practice Dumps

The output of the get router info ospf status command provides key information about the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) configuration on the FortiGate device.

The FortiGate device is connected to multiple areas

● The output states: "This router is an ABR"

●ABR (Area Border Router)means the device is connected tomultiple OSPF areasand maintains routing information between them.

● This confirms that the FortiGate isnot just in one area, but at leastone backbone area (Area 0) and another OSPF area.

The FortiGate device injects external routing information

● The output states: "Supports opaque LSA"

●Opaque LSAs(Type 9, 10, and 11) are used inOSPF extensions, including those that support external route injection.

● Typically, ABRs or ASBRs (Autonomous System Boundary Routers)inject external routes, allowing routes fromother routing protocols (such as BGP or static routes) to be advertised into OSPF.

Zero phase selectors inIPsec Phase 2mean thatno specific traffic selectors (subnets) are defined, allowingany traffic to be encryptedthrough the VPN tunnel. This can causeunintended traffic forwarding issuesand disrupt network operations.

To prevent this from happening during future migrations:

●Using routing protocolsensures thatonly specific subnets are advertised over the tunnel. Dynamic routing (such as OSPF or BGP) helps define which networks should use the tunnel, preventing unintended traffic from being encrypted.

●Clearly defining phase 2 selectorsavoids the problem of encrypting all traffic byexplicitly stating the allowed source and destination subnets. This prevents the tunnel from affecting unrelated network traffic.

In the given ADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) topology, BGP is being used to dynamically establish routes between spokes. The neighbor-range configuration is crucial for simplifying BGP peer setup by automatically assigning neighbors based on their IP range.

set neighbor-group advpn

● Theneighbor-groupparameter is used to apply pre-defined settings (such as AS number) to dynamically discovered BGP neighbors.

● Theadvpnneighbor-group is already defined in the configuration, and assigning it to the neighbor-range ensures consistent BGP settings for all spoke neighbors.

set prefix 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0

● This command allowsdynamic BGP peer discoveryby defining a range of potential neighbor IPs (172.16.1.1 - 172.16.1.255).

● Sinceeach spoke has a unique /32 IPwithin this subnet, this ensures that any spoke within the172.16.1.0/24range can automatically establish a BGP session with the hub.