MTCNA Exam Dumps : MikroTikCertified Network Associate Exam

A stub network is defined as a network segment that is accessible by only one path (single entry/exit point). It does not serve as a transit network for routing between other networks. Traffic entering or leaving the stub network must pass through a single interface.

MTCNA Course Material – Routing Concepts:

“A stub network is one that is connected to the rest of the network by a single router interface. It has only one entry and one exit point.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – Routing Terms:

“Stub networks do not forward packets for other networks. They are endpoints with one route in and out.”

Other options:

A/B: Describe transit networks, not stub

C: Misleading—stub has both entry and exit, but only through one path

D:✔Correct definition

Final Answer: DQUESTION NO: 130 [PPP – Protocol Functions]

What PPP protocol provides dynamic addressing, authentication, and multilink?

A. NCP

B. HDLC

C. LCP

D. X.25

Answer: C

LCP (Link Control Protocol) is responsible for establishing, configuring, and testing the data-link connection in PPP. It handles features such as:

Authentication (PAP/CHAP)

Link quality testing

Multilink (combining multiple connections)

Negotiating link options

MTCNA Course Material – PPP Configuration:

“LCP handles link configuration, authentication, multilink, and error detection. NCP handles network layer protocol configuration.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – PPP Stack:

“LCP is the control protocol used to manage and negotiate the PPP connection, including authentication and multilink.”

Other options:

A: NCP negotiates Layer 3 protocol settings (e.g., IP, IPX)

B: HDLC is a simpler Layer 2 protocol, no support for dynamic addressing or multilink

D: X.25 is a packet-switched WAN protocol, not part of PPP

Final Answer: CQUESTION NO: 131 [Switching – Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)]

In a network with dozens of switches, how many root bridges would you have?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 12

Answer: A

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used in Ethernet switching environments to prevent loops. In any STP domain, only one switch is elected as the root bridge. All other switches determine the shortest path to this root bridge and may block redundant paths.

MTCNA Course Material – STP Basics:

“STP ensures a loop-free topology by electing a single root bridge. All path calculations are made from the root bridge’s perspective.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – STP and Loop Prevention:

“Only one root bridge exists per STP domain. Switches use BPDU messages to elect it based on bridge ID priority.”

No matter how many switches exist (2, 10, or 50), only one root bridge is present at any time.

Final Answer: AQUESTION NO: 132 [IP Addressing – Classful Networking]

Which class of IP address has the most host addresses available by default?

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. A and B

Answer: A

Classful IP addressing reserves different address ranges and host counts:

Class A: 1.0.0.0 – 126.255.255.255 (/8) → 2^24 – 2 = 16,777,214 hosts

Class B: 128.0.0.0 – 191.255.255.255 (/16) → 2^16 – 2 = 65,534 hosts

Class C: 192.0.0.0 – 223.255.255.255 (/24) → 2^8 – 2 = 254 hosts

MTCNA Course Material – IP Address Classes:

“Class A has the largest number of hosts per network, over 16 million. Class B allows around 65,000, and Class C allows 254.”

René Meneses MTCNA Study Guide – Classful IP Summary:

“Class A provides the most host addresses by default due to its /8 subnet.”

Only Class A has the highest host count.

The show access-lists command in Cisco IOS is used to display all configured access control entries (ACEs) in every access list, both named and numbered. This command shows the complete content, including rules and hit counters.

Cisco IOS Command Reference – Access List Monitoring:

“Use show access-lists to view the complete list of all access control entries. This includes both standard and extended lists.”

Other options:

A: Invalid command syntax

C: show ip interface shows interface-level IP settings and ACL applications, but not full ACL content

D: show interface shows status and statistics, not ACL rules

Final Answer: BQUESTION NO: 134 [Cisco IOS – Console Access Configuration]

What does the command routerA(config)#line cons 0 allow you to perform next?

A. Set the Telnet password.

B. Shut down the router.

C. Set your console password.

D. Disable console connections.

Answer: C

The command line cons 0 enters the console line configuration mode. This is used to apply settings specific to the physical console line, such as setting a login password (via password and login commands).

Cisco IOS Configuration Guide – Line Console Mode:

“Use line console 0 to configure settings for the console line, including timeouts, password security, and logging behavior.”

René Meneses Study Guide – Device Access:

“Console access configuration begins with line console 0. It is followed by login and password commands.”

Other options:

A: Telnet is configured under line vty, not console

B: Router shutdown is done with reload or shutdown commands (not here)

D: Console cannot be disabled from line cons 0

Final Answer: CQUESTION NO: 135 [Switching – Spanning Tree Protocol]

How often are BPDUs sent from a Layer 2 device?

A. Never

B. Every 2 seconds

C. Every 10 minutes

D. Every 30 seconds

Answer: B

BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) are messages exchanged by switches in a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) topology to maintain loop-free Layer 2 networks. By default, switches send BPDUs every 2 seconds.

MTCNA Course Material – STP Operation:

“Switches send BPDUs to maintain spanning tree and detect topology changes. The default transmission interval is 2 seconds.”

Cisco STP Documentation:

“BPDUs are transmitted by the root bridge and propagated every 2 seconds by default, controlled by the hello-time timer.”

Other options:

A: Incorrect — BPDUs are essential for loop prevention

C & D: Not correct — default is 2 seconds, not minutes

Final Answer: BQUESTION NO: 136 [Routing Protocols – Passive Interface Behavior]

What does the passive command provide to dynamic routing protocols?

A. Stops an interface from sending or receiving periodic dynamic updates.

B. Stops an interface from sending periodic dynamic updates but not from receiving updates.

C. Stops the router from receiving any dynamic updates.

D. Stops the router from sending any dynamic updates.

Answer: B

In dynamic routing (e.g., RIP, OSPF, EIGRP), the passive-interface command stops routingadvertisements (outgoing updates) from being sent through the specified interface. However, the router still listens for incoming routing updates.

Cisco IOS Configuration Guide – Passive Interface:

“The passive-interface command prevents routing updates from being sent on an interface, while still allowing updates to be received.”

René Meneses MTCNA Guide – Passive Mode:

“It suppresses sending routing advertisements but does not block receiving updates on that interface.”

Other options:

A: Incorrect — it does not block receiving

C: Incorrect — it applies to interfaces, not globally

D: Also incorrect — it does not block all updates

Final Answer: B

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Setting "forwarding=no" on a wireless interface prevents communication between connected clients on that interface and between that interface and other interfaces in the same bridge. This means:

Stations connected to wlan1 cannot talk to each other

Stations on wlan1 cannot talk to stations on wlan2 (even if bridged)

Stations on wlan2 can talk to each other normally

Evaluation:

A.✅Correct – forwarding=no does not affect wlan2

B.❌Incorrect – forwarding=no blocks this

C.✅Correct – clients on wlan1 cannot talk to each other either

D.❌Bridge filters can be used but this scenario is about forwarding settings

E.❌Blocked by forwarding=no

MTCNA Wireless Module – Wireless Forwarding Behavior:

“Forwarding=no disables client-to-client communication on the interface and across bridges.”

René Meneses Study Guide – Wireless Access Config:

“Use forwarding=no to isolate clients on the same AP. Affects bridging too.”

Terry Combs Notes – Wireless Isolation:

“Setting forwarding=no isolates all clients on that wireless card.”

Answer: A, CQUESTION NO: 81 [Wireless]

Consider a wireless access point with mode=ap-bridge. What is the maximum number of concurrent clients that can connect to it?

A. 2007

B. 2012

C. 2048

D. 1024

Answer: C

In MikroTik RouterOS, the theoretical maximum number of clients that can associate with an AP in ap-bridge mode is 2048. However, practical limits depend on hardware performance and network stability, and most real-world setups use far fewer clients.

Let’s review:

A. 2007 →❌Close, but not the actual hard limit

B. 2012 →❌Incorrect

C.✅2048 → Correct per MikroTik’s AP mode specification

D. 1024 →❌Lower than the actual maximum

MTCNA Wireless Module – AP Behavior:

“In ap-bridge mode, the maximum theoretical client limit is 2048. Actual stable operation may be lower.”

René Meneses Guide – Wireless Scaling:

“2048 is the upper limit for client associations on a MikroTik AP in bridge mode.”

Terry Combs Notes – Client Capacity:

“2048 clients = maximum. Performance may degrade before that in high-traffic environments.”