JN0-1103 Exam Dumps : Design - Associate (JNCIA-Design)

VXLAN and MPLS are commonly used to encapsulate frames and provide Layer 2 reachability across an IP fabric. VXLAN enables L2 overlays over L3 infrastructure, while MPLS can also be used in L2VPN services to extend L2 connectivity across IP/MPLS networks.

These elements directly impact port density and scaling requirements in a campus switching design. Understanding the number of unmanned devices, fixed user workstations with IP phones, and standalone VoIP phones is critical for calculating the total number of access ports needed and ensuring the infrastructure can support current and future capacity demands.

Modularity in network design allows for easier scalability, troubleshooting, and future upgrades by segmenting the network into functional blocks. This approach simplifies management and enhances the network's ability to adapt to changing requirements.