The SecOps Group CNSP Exam With Confidence Using Practice Dumps

Encryption ensures confidentiality and integrity of network traffic. Analyzing defaults:

A. DNS (Domain Name System):

Default: Unencrypted (UDP/TCP 53), per RFC 1035. Queries/responses (e.g., “google.com → 142.250.190.14”) are plaintext.

Modern Options: DNS over HTTPS (DoH, TCP 443) or DNS over TLS (DoT, TCP 853) encrypt, but aren’t default in most systems (e.g., pre-2020 Windows).

B. SSH (Secure Shell):

Default: Encrypted (TCP 22), per RFC 4251. Uses asymmetric (e.g., RSA) and symmetric (e.g., AES) crypto for all sessions.

C. FTPS (FTP Secure):

Default: Encrypted (TCP 21 control, dynamic data ports). Extends FTP with SSL/TLS (e.g., RFC 4217), securing file transfers.

Technical Details:

DNS: Plaintext exposes queries to eavesdropping (e.g., ISP snooping) or spoofing (e.g., cache poisoning).

SSH/FTPS: Encryption is baked into their standards; disabling it requires explicit misconfiguration.

Security Implications:Unencrypted DNS risks privacy and integrity (e.g., Kaminsky attack). CNSP likely pushes DoH/DoT adoption.

Why other options are incorrect:

B, C:Encrypt by default.

D:False, as only DNS lacks default encryption.

Real-World Context:The 2013 Snowden leaks exposed DNS monitoring; DoH uptake (e.g., Cloudflare 1.1.1.1) counters this.References:CNSP Official Study Guide (Protocol Security); RFC 1035 (DNS), RFC 4251 (SSH).

In Unix-based systems (e.g., Linux), the ifconfig command is historically used to configure network interfaces, including changing the Media Access Control (MAC) address of an Ethernet adapter. The correct syntax to set a new MAC address for an interface like eth0 is ifconfig eth0 hw ether AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF, where hw specifies the hardware address type (ether for Ethernet), followed by the new MAC address in colon-separated hexadecimal format.

Why A is correct:The hw ether argument is the standard and correct syntax recognized by ifconfig to modify the MAC address. This command temporarily changes the MAC address until the system reboots or the interface is reset, assuming the user has sufficient privileges (e.g., root). CNSP documentation on network configuration and spoofing techniques validates this syntax for testing network security controls.

Why other options are incorrect:

B:hdw is not a valid argument; it’s a typographical error and unrecognized by ifconfig.

C:hdwr is similarly invalid; no such shorthand exists in the command structure.

D:hwr is incorrect; the full keyword hw followed by ether is required for proper parsing.

References:CNSP "Network Interface Configuration" (Section on MAC Address Manipulation) confirms ifconfig eth0 hw ether as the standard command, noting its use in penetration testing for spoofing scenarios.

The net localgroup command manages local group memberships on Windows systems, with syntax dictating its action.

Why B is correct:net localgroup Sales Sales_domain /add adds the domain group Sales_domain to the local group Sales, granting its members local group privileges. CNSP covers this for privilege escalation testing.

Why other options are incorrect:

A:Displaying users requires net localgroup Sales without /add.

C:Adding a user requires a username, not a group name like Sales_domain.

D:The reverse (local to domain) uses net group, not net localgroup.

References:CNSP "Windows Group Management" (Section on net Commands) explains net localgroup for adding domain groups.