4A0-113 Leak Questions

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

From Nokia 7750 SR OS Routing Protocols Guide (Distance Vector Fundamentals):

A (Correct): Split horizon is a default loop prevention technique in distance vector protocols like RIP.

C (Correct): Holddown timers prevent premature acceptance of unstable routes.

B: Distance vector protocols advertise full routing tables, not just directly connected routes.

D: This is a characteristic of link-state protocols (OSPF/IS-IS).

Thus, correct answers are A and C.

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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

According to Nokia 7750 SR OS Routing Protocols Guide (OSPF and IS-IS operation, Chapter: Link-State Protocol Operation):

B (Correct):

"Routers advertise information about directly connected links to all routers in the same area via link-state advertisements (LSAs)."

C (Correct):

"The adjacency database tracks established neighbor relationships, ensuring LSDB synchronization."

E (Correct):

"All routers within the same OSPF or IS-IS area have identical link-state databases after full synchronization."

Incorrect options:

A: Link-state protocols exchange only link-state information, not full routing tables (that’s distance-vector behavior).

D: Sequence numbers are incremented by the originator when generating LSAs, not by intermediate routers during flooding.

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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

According to Nokia 7750 SR OS Routing Protocols Guide (OSPF Neighbor States and DR Election):

"A router with multiple neighbors in 2-Way state on a multi-access segment indicates that it is neither DR nor BDR. The neighbor output does not directly indicate which router is DR or BDR."

In the exhibit, R6 sees neighbors 10.10.10.2 in 2-Way state and 10.10.10.3, 10.10.10.5 in Full state.

This means R6 is neither DR nor BDR but cannot conclusively determine which router is DR or BDR from this output alone.

Therefore, correct answer is B.

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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

From Nokia 7750 SR OS Routing Protocols Guide (OSPF DR/BDR Election Rules):

“The router with the highest OSPF interface priority is elected DR.”

“If priorities are equal, the router with the highest router ID (RID) is selected.”

Thus:

B (Correct): Highest priority wins.

D (Correct): Highest RID used as tie-breaker.

Incorrect:

A: Lowest priority is incorrect.

C: Lowest RID is incorrect.

Correct answers: B, D.

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