Introduction-to-IT Exam Dumps : WGU Introduction to ITKS02

1.Lexical Analysis:

oThe source code is first tested by the compiler’s lexer, which breaks it down into tokens (such as keywords, identifiers, operators, and punctuation).

oThis step identifies the individual elements of the program.

2.Syntactic and Semantic Analysis:

oThe compiler performs syntactic analysis, checking the source code for syntax errors and ensuring it follows the correct language-specific rules.

oIf any errors occur, the compiler throws an error and stops the compilation.

oAdditionally, the compiler performs semantic analysis to find the meaning of the code.

oIt checks for logical errors, such as type mismatches, undeclared variables, and incorrect usage of operators.

3.Optimization:

oOnce the code is syntactically correct, the compiler performs low-level optimization to improve performance.

oThis may involve reducing memory usage or optimizing code for speed by rearranging instructions or eliminating unnecessary operations.

4.Output Code Generation:

oFinally, the compiler generates machine code corresponding to the original source code.

oThe resulting machine code resides in a binary file that the computer’s hardware can execute directly.

Why Do We Use Compilers?

•Compilers catch syntax and semantic errors before running the code, saving time and preventing crashes.

•They optimize code for efficient execution, resulting in faster, more compact programs.

Disadvantages of a Compiler:

•Compiled code is platform-dependent, meaning it produces a machine-specific executable file.

•Code compiled on one type of machine won’t run on another type without recompilation1.

References

1.GeeksforGeeks

2.Built In

3.Wikipedia

•The software that allows the user to easily access the hardware of a computer is the operating system.

•Explanation: The operating system serves as the interface between hardware, application software, and the user. It manages hardware resources, file systems, processes, and memory.

•References: 12

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Operating system.

IT professional organizations publish codes of ethics to provide moral guidance for individuals and organizations working in the technology field. In Information Technology, a code of ethics outlines principles and standards of conduct related to responsibilities such as protecting privacy, ensuring security, avoiding harm, maintaining professional competence, being honest about system capabilities, and respecting intellectual property. These ethical standards help professionals make responsible decisions, especially when technical choices can affect users, society, or critical infrastructure. Regulations are legal requirements issued by governments and enforced through law. Policies are internal rules set by organizations to guide behavior within a specific company or institution. Bylaws are governance rules that define how an organization operates, such as membership, elections, and leadership structure, but they do not primarily serve as moral guidance for the broader profession. Professional ethics documents, on the other hand, are meant to guide behavior across the industry and promote trust and accountability. Therefore, the correct answer is ethics.