Selected NSE7_PBC-7.2 Fortinet Certification Questions Answers

According to the AWS documentation for Transit Gateway, a Transit Gateway is a network transit hub that connects VPCs and on-premises networks. To route traffic from Linux instances to the TGW, you need to do the following steps:

• In the TGW route table, associate two attachments. An attachment is a resource that connects a VPC or VPN to a Transit Gateway. By associating the attachments to the TGW route table, you enable the TGW to route traffic between the VPCs and the VPN.
• In the main subnet routing table in VPC A and B, add a new route with destination 0_0.0.0/0, next hop TGW. This route directs all traffic from the Linux instances to the TGW, which can then forward it to the appropriate destination based on the TGW route table.

The other options are incorrect because:

• In the TGW route table, adding route propagation to 192.168.0 0/16 is not necessary, as this is already the default route for the TGW. Route propagation allows you to automatically propagate routes from your VPC or VPN to your TGW route table.
• In the main subnet routing table in VPC A and B, adding a new route with destination 0_0.0.0/0, next hop Internet gateway (IGW) is not correct, as this would bypass the TGW and send all traffic directly to the internet. An IGW is a VPC component that enables communication between instances in your VPC and the internet.

[Transit Gateways - Amazon Virtual Private Cloud]

The reason the administrator cannot access the EC2 instance could be:

D.The directory location of the .pem file is incorrect.

• SSH Key Location:When initiating an SSH connection to an AWS EC2 instance, you must specify the private key file (.pem file) location that corresponds to the public key used when the instance was launched. The error "Warning: Identity file Staging-key.pem not accessible: No such file or directory" indicates that the SSH client cannot find the .pem file at the specified location.
• Correct File Path:The administrator needs to ensure that the path to theStaging-key.pemfile is correctly specified when running the SSH command. If the file is not in the current directory from which the command is executed, the full or relative path to the file must be provided.

References:This behavior is in line with standard SSH connection practices and AWS guidelines for accessing EC2 instances. It is a common issue that occurs when the private key file is not located in the directory from which the SSH command is being executed or the path provided is incorrect.

• A is incorrect because the FortiGate public IP is not the next-hop for all the traffic. The FortiGate public IP is only used for incoming traffic from the internet. The Azure load balancer distributes the incoming traffic to the active FortiGate VM based on a health probe123. The FortiGate public IP is not used for outgoing traffic or internal traffic.
• B is correct because an internal load balancer listener is the next-hop for outgoing traffic. The internal load balancer listener is configured with a floating IP address that is assigned to the active FortiGate VM. The internal load balancer listener also has a health probe to monitor the status of the FortiGate VMs123. The internal load balancer listener forwards the outgoing traffic to the internet through the public load balancer.
• C is incorrect because you do not need to add a route to the Microsoft VIP used for the health check. The Microsoft VIP is an internal IP address that is used by the Azure load balancer to send health probes to the FortiGate VMs123. The Microsoft VIP is not reachable from outside the Azure network and does not require any routing configuration on the FortiGate VMs.
• D is correct because a dedicated management interface can be used for load balancing. In this deployment, port4 is used as a dedicated management interface that connects to the management network3. The dedicated management interface can be used to access the FortiGate VMs for configuration and monitoring purposes. The dedicated management interface can also be used to synchronize the configuration and session information between the primary and secondary devices in an HA cluster2.

Considering the situation where the administrator is unable to access the FortiGate VM using its public IP address and no traffic is reaching the FortiGate's external interface, the administrator should check:

D.Check the inbound network security group rules.

• Network Security Group Rules:AWS uses security groups as a virtual firewall that controls inbound and outbound traffic to AWS resources such as EC2 instances. If the FortiGate VM’s public interface is not receiving HTTPS or SSH traffic, it's likely because the inbound security group rules associated with that interface are not allowing access on the necessary ports (HTTPS - port 443, SSH - port 22).
• Troubleshooting:The administrator should verify that the security group rules for the FortiGate VM’s network interface allow inbound traffic on the specific ports used for management access. If these rules are absent or misconfigured, the intended traffic will be blocked, resulting in the inability to connect.

References:The role of security groups in network traffic management is a core concept in AWS and is outlined in AWS documentation. Checking security group rules is a standard troubleshooting step when dealing with connectivity issues to AWS resources.