Pass NCLEX-PN Exam Guide

Obesity is defined by a BMI of 30 or more with no co-morbid conditions. It is calculated by utilizing a chart

or nomogram that plots height and weight. This client’s BMI is 35, indicating obesity. Goals of diet therapy are

aimed at decreasing weight and increasing activity to healthy levels based on a client’s BMI, activity status, and

energy requirements.Physiological Adaptation

Perimenopause refers to a period of time in which hormonal changes occur gradually, ovarian function

diminishes, and menses become irregular. Perimenopause lasts approximately five years. Climacteric is a term

applied to the period of life in which physiologic changes occur and result in cessation of a woman’s reproductive

ability and lessened sexual activity in males. The term applies to both genders. Climacteric and menopause are

interchangeable terms when used for females. Menopause is the period when permanent cessation of menses has

occurred. Postmenopause refers to the period after the changes accompanying menopause are complete.Health

Promotion and Maintenance

Nutrition, elimination, comfort, and safety are the major areas of importance. The diet should be high in

protein with adequate fluids.Basic Care and Comfort

Parents should be taught to wash their hands before and after providing cord care. This prevents transferring

pathogens to and from the cord. Folding the diaper below the cord exposes the cord to air and allows for drying.

It also prevents wet or soiled diapers from coming into contact with the cord. Current recommendations include

cleaning the area around the cord 3–4 times a day with a cotton swab but do not include putting alcohol or other

antimicrobials on the cord. It is normal for the cord to turn dark as it dries.Health Promotion and Maintenance