Changed Digital-Forensics-in-Cybersecurity Exam Questions

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Bit-level (or bit-stream) copying captures every bit on the storage media, including files, deleted files, slack space (unused space within a cluster), and unallocated space. This ensures all digital evidence, including artifacts not visible at the OS level, is preserved for analysis.

Copying at the OS level captures only allocated files visible in the file system, missing deleted files and slack space.

Bit-level copying is a cornerstone of forensic best practices as specified in NIST SP 800-86 and SWGDE guidelines.

Timestamp changes and unnecessary information issues are secondary concerns compared to the completeness of evidence.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The ipconfig command executed at a Windows command prompt displays detailed network configuration information such as IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways. Collecting this information prior to seizure preserves volatile evidence relevant to the investigation.

Documenting network settings supports the understanding of the suspect system's connectivity at the time of seizure.

NIST recommends capturing volatile data (including network configuration) before shutting down or disconnecting a suspect machine.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

TheForwardedEventslog in Windows 7 is specifically designed to store events collected from remote computers via event forwarding. This log is part of the Windows Event Forwarding feature used in enterprise environments to centralize event monitoring.

TheSystemandApplicationlogs store local system and application events.

TheSecuritylog stores local security-related events.

ForwardedEventscollects and stores events forwarded from other machines.

Microsoft documentation and NIST SP 800-86 mention the use of ForwardedEvents for centralized event log collection in investigations.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, requiring law enforcement to obtain a search warrant based on probable cause before searching private emails on computers, except in certain recognized exceptions (such as consent or exigent circumstances).

Protects privacy rights in digital communication.

Failure to obtain proper legal authorization can invalidate evidence.