AIP-210 CertNexus Exam Lab Questions

An activation function is a function that determines the output of a neuron in a neural network based on its input. An activation function can introduce non-linearity into a neural network, which allows it to model complex and non-linear relationships between inputs and outputs. Some of the common activation functions are:

Sigmoid: A sigmoid function is a function that maps any real value to a value between 0 and 1. It has an S-shaped curve and is often used for binary classification or probability estimation.

Hyperbolic tangent: A hyperbolic tangent function is a function that maps any real value to a value between -1 and 1. It has a similar shape to the sigmoid function but is symmetric around the origin. It is often used for regression or classification problems.

ReLU: A ReLU (rectified linear unit) function is a function that maps any negative value to 0 and any positive value to itself. It has a piecewise linear shape and is often used for hidden layers in deep neural networks.

Additive is not an activation function, but rather a term that describes a property of some functions. Additive functions are functions that satisfy the condition f(x+y) = f(x) + f(y) for any x and y. Additive functions are linear functions, which means they have a constant slope and do not introduce non-linearity.

Performance testing is a type of testing that should be performed at the production level before deploying a newly retrained model. Performance testing measures how well the model meets the non-functional requirements, such as speed, scalability, reliability, availability, and resource consumption. Performance testing can help identify any bottlenecks or issues that may affect the user experience or satisfaction with the model. References: [Performance Testing Tutorial: What is, Types, Metrics and Example], [Performance Testing for Machine Learning Systems | by David Talby | Towards Data Science]

Logit-transformation is a common way to transform proportion data into a continuous variable that can be used for linear regression. However, one concern with this approach is that noisy data could become more influential in your model. This is because logit-transformation tends to amplify the values close to 0 and 1, which are also the values that are likely to be affected by measurement errors or outliers. This could distort the relationship between the dependent and independent variables and bias the regression coefficients. References: [Logit Transformation | Real Statistics Using Excel], [Logit transformation for proportions - Cross Validated]