Which review uncover's vulnerability and exposure of the organizational activities to specific types or risk?
Crisis Assessment
Continuity Assessment
Critical Assessment
Risk Assessment
A risk assessment is a review that uncovers the vulnerability and exposure of the organizational activities to specific types or risk. A risk assessment helps to identify, analyze, and evaluate the potential threats and impacts that could affect the organization’s ability to achieve its objectives and maintain its continuity. A risk assessment also helps to determine the appropriate risk treatment options and controls to reduce the likelihood and/or consequences of the risks. A risk assessment is an essential part of the business continuity management system (BCMS) as it enables the organization to prioritize its business continuity requirements and resources based on the level of risk. References:
Which step in PDCA Cycle identifies and assess issues in management process?
Plan
Do
Check
Act
The Check step in the PDCA cycle is the stage where the results are analyzed. It involves monitoring and evaluating the actions taken in the Do step. It is used to determine the effectiveness of the plan and to avoid recurring mistakes. The Check step identifies and assesses issues in the management process, such as gaps, nonconformities, risks, and opportunities. The Check step also involves collecting and analyzing data and information related to the performance and effectiveness of the BCMS. This can be done through various methods, such as audits, reviews, tests, exercises, surveys, and feedback. The Check step provides valuable input for the Act step, where corrective and preventive actions are taken to address the issues and improve the BCMS. References: : ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 11 : ISO 22301:2019, clause 9.1 : The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) Cycle: A Guide to Continuous Improvement : Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle - BCMpedia
Which step clarifies the requirements with business leads?
Clarify and confirm
Commit
Check
Compile
The clarify and confirm step is the first step of the audit planning process, where the auditor clarifies the requirements with the business leads, such as the audit client, the auditee, and the audit team. The purpose of this step is to ensure that the audit objectives, scope, criteria, and deliverables are clearly defined, understood, and agreed upon by all the parties involved. The clarify and confirm step also involves the identification of the audit risks, opportunities, and resources, as well as the establishment of the audit communication channels and protocols. The clarify and confirm step is essential to ensure that the audit is aligned with the expectations and needs of the stakeholders, and that the audit is feasible, effective, and efficient. References:
Which compliance has always been a challenge to organizations since it has a significant influence on corporate planning?
Quality
Regulatory
Security
Insurance
Regulatory compliance is the adherence to laws, regulations, guidelines and specifications relevant to an organization’s business processes. It has always been a challenge to organizations since it has a significant influence on corporate planning, such as strategic objectives, policies, procedures, risk management, performance measurement and improvement. Regulatory compliance can also affect the organization’s reputation, customer satisfaction, stakeholder confidence and legal liability. Therefore, organizations need to establish, implement, maintain and improve a business continuity management system (BCMS) that meets the requirements of ISO 22301 and other applicable regulations. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 1: Introduction to Business Continuity Management Systems (BCMS), Section 1.2: Regulatory Compliance, page 9.
Corporate Services and Information Technology are the functions that provide a range of physical and technological infrastructure services to all other functions.
True
False
Corporate Services and Information Technology are the functions that provide a range of physical and technological infrastructure services to all other functions, such as human resources, finance, legal, procurement, facilities, security, IT systems, networks, applications, databases, etc. These functions are essential for the continuity of the organization’s operations, as they support the delivery of products and services to customers and stakeholders. Therefore, they need to be included in the scope and objectives of the business continuity management system (BCMS), and their roles and responsibilities need to be defined and communicated. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 2: Business Continuity Management System (BCMS), Section 2.1: Scope and Objectives, page 23.
Which of the following Audit verifies that the BCM Programme activities are adequately managed through conformance?
Maintenance
Dependency
Quality
Security
A quality audit verifies that the BCM programme activities are adequately managed through conformance to the BCMS requirements, policies, and procedures. It also evaluates the effectiveness and efficiency of the BCMS processes and the continual improvement of the BCMS performance. A quality audit can be internal or external, depending on the source of the audit. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 19 1; ISO 22301:2019, clause 9.2 2
What are the four phases of the Deming Cycle:
Plan, Do, Confirm, Act
Plan, Do, Check, Act
Planning, Doing, Confirming, Acting
Plan, Do, Check, Action
The four phases of the Deming Cycle are Plan, Do, Check, and Act. The Deming Cycle, also known as the PDCA cycle, is a four-step model for continuous improvement of processes, products, or services. The cycle was developed by Dr. W. Edwards Deming, a pioneer of quality management, and is based on the scientific method of problem-solving. The four phases of the Deming Cycle are1:
Workshops bring a group of people together into a discussion.
True
False
According to ISO 22301 Lead Auditor objectives and content, workshops are one of the methods that can be used to conduct a business impact analysis (BIA). Workshops bring a group of people together into a discussion, where they can share their knowledge, opinions, and perspectives on the organization’s processes, resources, dependencies, and impacts. Workshops can help to identify and prioritize the critical activities and resources that are essential for the continuity of theorganization’s operations. Workshops can also facilitate the communication and collaboration among different stakeholders, such as process owners, managers, employees, and customers. Workshops can be conducted in various formats, such as face-to-face, online, or hybrid, depending on the availability and preferences of the participants. Workshops should be planned and facilitated by a competent person, who can guide the discussion, ask relevant questions, collect and document the information, and ensure the validity and consistency of the results. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 381; ISO 22301 Clause 8.2 Business impact analysis and risk assessment2
Which two levels of organizations activities does business continuity can be integrated?
Management
Structural
Operations
Processes
Business continuity can be integrated into two levels of the organization’s activities: management and processes. According to the ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, "Business continuity integration is the process of embedding business continuity principles and practices into the organization’s culture, values, and operations. Business continuity integration aims to ensure that business continuity is not seen as a separate function or project, but as an integral part of the organization’s management and processes."1
Business continuity integration at the management level involves the following aspects1:
Business continuity integration at the process level involves the following aspects1:
References:
Which one of the following function encompasses the knowledge and skills of a diverse group of professionals to manage the corporate Business Continuity Management programme?
Communication
Adaption
Value Preservation
Multidisciplinary Function
A multidisciplinary function encompasses the knowledge and skills of a diverse group of professionals to manage the corporate Business Continuity Management programme.According to the ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, "Business continuity is a multidisciplinary function that involves several different departments and business units, such as IT, human resources, finance, legal, public relations, etc. Each of these departments and units has a role and responsibility in ensuring the continuity of the organization’s critical activities and processes in the event of a disruption. Therefore, a business continuity auditor needs to have a broad understanding of the various aspects and functions of the organization, as well as the specific requirements and expectations of each stakeholder group."1 References:
Which type of interview employ verbal questioning as its principal technique of data collection?
Private interview
Personal interview
A personal interview is a type of interview that employs verbal questioning as its principal technique of data collection. It is a face-to-face conversation between the interviewer and the interviewee, where the interviewer asks open-ended or closed-ended questions to obtain information from the interviewee. A personal interview can be conducted in various settings, such as at the interviewee’s workplace, home, or a neutral location. A personal interview can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, depending on the level of flexibility and standardization of the questions. A personal interview can be used for different purposes, such as to assess the interviewee’s competence, motivation, attitude, or opinion on a certain topic. A personal interview can also be used to establish rapport, trust, and credibility between the interviewer and the interviewee. A personal interview can have various advantages and disadvantages, such as:
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
References:
The outgoing commitment from executive management helps to embed a positive business continuity culture within the organization.
True
False
The outgoing commitment from executive management helps to embed a positive business continuity culture within the organization by demonstrating leadership and support for the business continuity management system (BCMS) and its objectives. Executive management is responsible for establishing the BCMS policy, ensuring the alignment of the BCMS with the organization’s strategic direction, providing the necessary resources for the BCMS, communicating the importance of the BCMS, and promoting continual improvement of the BCMS. Executive management also sets an example for the rest of the organization by being actively involved in the BCMS activities and ensuring accountability and responsibility for the BCMS performance. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 27; ISO 22301:2019 standard, clause 5.1
Which BCMS process is used to develop a business continuity policy that sets out an operating framework?
Develop and Management
Performance Evaluation
Policy Formulation
Management Review
Policy formulation is the BCMS process that is used to develop a business continuity policy that sets out an operating framework. According to ISO 22301, the organization shall establish a business continuity policy that is appropriate to the purpose and context of the organization and provides a framework for setting business continuity objectives. The policy shall also demonstrate top management’s commitment to the BCMS and its continual improvement1. The policy formulation process involves the following steps2:
Which one of the following initiative of Business Continuity Management helps in preparing the entire organization in advance of any major incident?
Leadership
Governance
Good Business Practice
Long Range Focus
Business Continuity Management (BCM) is a holistic management process that identifies potential threats to an organization and the impacts to business operations that those threats, if realized, might cause, and which provides a framework for building organizational resilience with the capability for an effective response that safeguards the interests of its key stakeholders, reputation, brand and value-creating activities1. One of the main objectives of BCM is to prepare the entire organization in advance of any major incident, so that it can respond and recover effectively and efficiently. This is achieved by implementing a Business Continuity Management System (BCMS), which is a set of policies, processes, procedures, roles, responsibilities, resources, and plans that enable an organization to manage business continuity2.
According to ISO 22301, the international standard for BCMS, one of the benefits of implementing a BCMS is that it helps an organization to establish a culture of good business practice, which is an initiative that helps in preparing the entire organization in advance of any major incident3. Good business practice means that an organization follows the principles of business continuity, such as customer focus, leadership, engagement of people, process approach, improvement, evidence-based decision making, and relationship management. By adopting these principles, an organization can enhance its resilience, reduce its risks, improve its performance, and increase its customer satisfaction.
The other options are not correct because they are not initiatives of BCM that help in preparing the entire organization in advance of any major incident. Leadership is a principle of business continuity, but it is not an initiative by itself. It refers to the role of top management in establishing the BCMS, providing direction and support, and ensuring its effectiveness. Governance is a function of the organization that ensures that the BCMS is aligned with the strategic objectives, complies with the legal and regulatory requirements, and meets the expectations of the interested parties. Long range focus is a characteristic of a resilient organization, but it is not an initiative of BCM. It means that an organization anticipates and adapts to the changing environment, and plans for the future.
References: 1: ISO 22301:2019, Security and resilience — Business continuity management systems — Requirements, 3.4 2: ISO 22301:2019, Security and resilience — Business continuity management systems — Requirements, 3.5 3: ISO 22301:2019, Security and resilience — Business continuity management systems — Requirements, Introduction : ISO 22301:2019, Security and resilience — Business continuity management systems — Requirements, 0.2 : ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 2.2.2 : ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 2.1.1
Which objectives take the form of targets to enhance organizational resilience?
Business Continuity
Business Service
Business Strategy
Business Process
Business continuity objectives are the objectives that take the form of targets to enhance organizational resilience, as defined by ISO 22301. Business continuity objectives are derived from the business continuity policy and the results of the business impact analysis (BIA) and risk assessment (RA). Business continuity objectives are measurable, consistent, and relevant to the organization’s business continuity requirements and strategies. Business continuity objectives are also aligned with the organization’s strategic direction and communicated to all relevant parties. Business continuity objectives are one of the key requirements of ISO 22301, as they provide the basis for planning, implementing, monitoring, reviewing, and improving the business continuity management system (BCMS). References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 28 1; ISO 22301:2019, clause 6.2 2
Which of the following is an objective approach that assesses the organisational activities?
Business Security Analysis
Business Impact Analysis
Business Continuity Analysis
Business Strategic Analysis
Business Impact Analysis (BIA) is an objective approach that assesses the organisational activities and determines their criticality, dependencies, and recovery priorities. BIA is a key process in developing a business continuity management system (BCMS) according to ISO 22301. BIA helps to identify the potential impacts of disruptions to the organisation’s critical functions and processes, such as financial losses, reputational damage, legal liabilities, regulatory penalties, customer dissatisfaction, etc. BIA also helps to determine the recovery time objectives (RTOs), recovery point objectives (RPOs), and minimum business continuity objectives (MBCOs) for each critical function and process. BIA provides the basis for developing business continuity strategies and plans that ensure the continuity and resilience of the organisation. References:
The PDCA paradigm cycle is widely recognized as a process-centric approact?
True
False
The PDCA paradigm cycle is widely recognized as a process-centric approach. The PDCA cycle, also known as the Deming cycle or the Shewhart cycle, is a four-step model for carrying out change and improvement in a systematic and consistent way. The PDCA cycle consists of the following phases: Plan, Do, Check, and Act. The Plan phase involves identifying the problem, setting the objectives, and developing the plan for improvement. The Do phase involves implementing the plan and carrying out the actions. The Check phase involves monitoring and measuring the results and comparing them with the objectives. The Act phase involves taking corrective actions, standardizing the improvement, and reviewing the process. The PDCA cycle is a process-centric approach because it focuses on the processes and their interactions that deliver the desired outcomes and performance. The PDCA cycle helps to ensure that the processes are planned, executed, evaluated, and improved in a continuous and consistent manner. The PDCA cycle is also aligned with the process approach principle of ISO 22301, the international standard for business continuity management systems. ISO 22301 requires the organization to apply the PDCA cycle to its business continuity management system, as well as to its individual processes and activities. The PDCA cycle helps the organization to establish, implement, operate, monitor, review, maintain, and continually improve its business continuity management system and its ability to respond to and recover from disruptive incidents. References:
Which of the following has a determined roles and responsibilities based on knowledge and skills profiles?
People
Premises
Suppliers
Reputation
According to ISO 22301:2019, Clause 7.2, the organization must determine the necessary competence of persons doing work under its control that affects its business continuity performance. The organization must ensure that these persons are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, or experience, and where applicable, take actions to acquire the necessary competence, and evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken. The organization must also retain appropriate documented information as evidence of competence. Therefore, people are the ones who have determined roles and responsibilities based on knowledge and skills profiles, as they are the key resources for implementing and maintaining the business continuity management system (BCMS). References: ISO 22301:2019, Clause 7.2; ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 4.2.2.
Which of the following engages staff and external stakeholders in all aspects of the BCMS?
Communication
Analysis
Coordination
Management
Communication is the process of engaging staff and external stakeholders in all aspects of the BCMS. Communication ensures that the BCMS objectives, policies, procedures, roles and responsibilities are understood and accepted by the relevant parties. Communication also facilitates the exchange of information and feedback between the BCMS and its interested parties, such as customers, suppliers, regulators, media, etc. Communication helps to build trust, awareness and commitment to the BCMS, as well as to enhance its performance and effectiveness. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 30; ISO 22301:2019, clause 7.4
Which of the following evaluation process enables senior executives to manage decisions on building resilience in the development programme?
Resources Allocation
New Product/Service Assessment
Process Evaluation
Adaption
The evaluation process that enables senior executives to manage decisions on building resilience in the development programme is the new product/service assessment. This process involves evaluating the potential impact of new products or services on the organization’s business continuity objectives, risks, and capabilities. The new product/service assessment helps senior executives to identify and prioritize the business continuity requirements and resources needed for the successful launch and delivery of new products or services. The new product/service assessment also helps senior executives to monitor and review the performance and effectiveness of the new products or services in relation to the business continuity objectives and expectations. References:
Which objective should be attainable within a given timeframe?
Time-based
Measurable
Practicality
Relevant
A time-based objective is an objective that should be attainable within a given timeframe. Time-based objectives help to ensure that the organization is taking timely and realistic actions to achieve its desired outcomes and performance. Time-based objectives also help to monitor and measure the progress and results of the actions, as well as to identify and address any delays or deviations. Time-based objectives are one of the characteristics of the S.M.A.R.T. concept, which stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-based. The S.M.A.R.T. concept is a useful tool for setting effective objectives that are clear, realistic, and meaningful. The S.M.A.R.T. concept is applicable to various types of objectives, such as business continuity objectives, recovery time objectives, recovery point objectives, minimum business continuity objectives, etc. According to the ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, "Time-bound: BCOs [Business Continuity Objectives] should be time-bound, with clear deadlines and timelines for achieving the objectives. This ensures that the organization is taking timely action to protect critical business functions during a disruptive incident."1 References:
The collection of corporate information provides evidence on the state of organizational preparedness.
True
False
The collection of corporate information provides evidence on the state of organizational preparedness, as it allows the organization to assess its currentcapabilities, resources, and performance in relation to its business continuity objectives and requirements. Corporate information includes documents, records, data, and other types of information that are relevant to the organization’s business continuity management system (BCMS). By collecting and analyzing corporate information, the organization can identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and determine the gaps and areas for improvement in its BCMS. Corporate information also helps the organization to monitor and measure the effectiveness and efficiency of its BCMS, and to demonstrate its compliance with the ISO 22301 standard and other applicable regulations and standards. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 34; ISO 22301:2019 standard, clause 9.1
Adopting the BCMS optimizes the organization's business continuity capability.
True
False
Adopting the BCMS optimizes the organization’s business continuity capability by enabling it to identify, prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from disruptive events. The BCMS provides a systematic approach to plan, implement, operate, monitor, review, maintain, and improve the organization’s ability to protect its critical functions and deliver its products and services at an acceptable level of performance during and after a disruption. The BCMS also helps the organization to enhance its resilience, reduce its risks, improve its reputation, and increase its customer satisfaction. References: ISO 22301:2019, Clause 1; ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 1.1.
The Do phase in PDCA cycle consists of of operation
True
False
The Do phase in the PDCA cycle consists of operation, which means implementing and operating the business continuity policy, controls, processes, and procedures that have been planned in the previous phase. The Do phase also involves establishing the necessary resources, competencies, awareness, communication, and documentation to support the effective operation of the business continuity management system (BCMS). The Do phase aims to ensure that the organization is prepared to respond to and recover from disruptive incidents in a timely and effective manner. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, pages 9, 10, 11, 22, 23, and 24.
The purpose of risk management for business continuity is to find out what problems an organization may face.
How should the level of risk for an organization be determined?
Combining consequence and likelihood of events
Combining importance and acceptance of events
Combining acceptable and tolerable events
Combining profitability and analysis of events
According to ISO 22301:2019, Clause 6.1.2, the organization must establish, implement, and maintain a documented process to manage risks related to the continuity of its critical functions and the achievement of its business continuity objectives. The risk management process should include the identification, analysis, and evaluation of the risks that may cause disruption to the organization’s operations, products, and services. The level of risk for an organization should be determined by combining the consequence and likelihood of the events that may lead to disruption, as well as the organization’s risk criteria, risk appetite, and risk tolerance. The consequence of an event is the impact or effect that it may have on the organization’s objectives, reputation, stakeholders, and resources. The likelihood of an event is the probability or frequency that it may occur, based on historical data, statistical analysis, expert judgment, or other methods. The organization should use appropriate tools and techniques to assess the level of risk, such as risk matrices, risk registers, risk maps, or risk software. The organization should also document the results of the risk assessment and communicate them to relevant interested parties. The purpose of risk management for business continuity is to find out what problems an organization may face, and to take appropriate actions to prevent, mitigate, or transfer the risks, or to accept them if they are within the organization’s riskcriteria. References: ISO 22301:2019, Clause 6.1.2; ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 4.2.2.
Which stage helps management to define where focus and resources should be invested?
Evaluation
Mitigation
Monitoring
Reviewing
Reviewing is the stage that helps management to define where focus and resources should be invested. According to ISO 22301, reviewing is the process of evaluating the performance and effectiveness of the business continuity management system (BCMS) and identifying opportunities for improvement. Reviewing can be done through internal audits, management reviews, performance evaluations, and corrective actions. Reviewing can help management to ensure that the BCMS is aligned with the organization’s strategic objectives, meets the needs and expectations of interested parties, complies with the applicable requirements, andcontinually improves its resilience and capability to respond to disruptive incidents. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 171; ISO 22301:2019, clause 92
Which of the following outlines the management hierarchy of the organization?
Corporate Structure
Corporate Service
Corporate Improvement
Corporate Defences
Corporate structure outlines the management hierarchy of the organization, such as the board of directors, the executive management, the business units, the departments, the teams, and the individuals. It defines the roles, responsibilities, authorities, and accountabilities of the organizational members, as well as the reporting and communication lines. Corporate structure also reflects the organization’s culture, values, vision, mission, and strategic objectives. It is importantfor the organization to have a clear and effective corporate structure that supports the implementation and operation of the business continuity management system (BCMS) and ensures the alignment of the business continuity objectives with the strategic direction of the organization. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, Chapter 2: Business Continuity Management System (BCMS), Section 2.1: Scope and Objectives, page 23.
Which of the following defines a measure to reduce or eliminate the risk from occuring?
Risk
Crisis
Likelihood
Control
A control is a measure that is implemented to reduce or eliminate the risk from occurring, or to mitigate the impact of the risk if it occurs. A control can be preventive, corrective, or detective, depending on the stage of the risk management process. A control can also be administrative, technical, or physical, depending on the nature of the risk and the organization. A control can be designed, implemented, monitored, and evaluated based on the risk assessment and the risk treatment plan. A control can be documented in the business continuity policy, objectives, plans, procedures, and other relevant documents. A control can be audited to verify its effectiveness and efficiency in achieving the intended outcomes. References:
Leadership prepares the organization before and during an incident.
True
False
Leadership prepares the organization before and during an incident by establishing the business continuity policy, objectives, and roles and responsibilities, ensuring the alignment of the business continuity management system (BCMS) with the organization’s strategic direction, providing the necessary resources and support for the BCMS, communicating the importance of effective business continuity management to all interested parties, and promoting continual improvement of the BCMS. Leadership also demonstrates commitment and accountability for the BCMS performance, ensures the integration of the BCMS requirements into the organization’s processes, reviews and evaluates the BCMS suitability, adequacy, and effectiveness, and ensures that the organization’s business continuity needs and exp
Policy documents are developed in accordance to the framework of objectives.
True
False
Policy documents are developed in accordance to the framework of objectives, which are derived from the organization’s strategic direction, context, and interested parties’ needs and expectations. Policy documents provide guidance and direction for the organization’s business continuity management system (BCMS) and set the overall tone and commitment of top management. Policy documents also define the scope and boundaries of the BCMS and the roles and responsibilities of the relevant parties. References: ISO 22301 Auditing eBook, page 28; ISO 22301:2019 standard, clause 5.2
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