IAPP CIPP-US Exam With Confidence Using Practice Dumps

In 2012, the White House released a report titled “Consumer Data Privacy in a Networked World: A Framework for Protecting Privacy and Promoting Innovation in the Global Digital Economy”, which proposed a Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights based on the Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPPs). The report called for a comprehensive privacy framework that would apply to all commercial sectors and all personal data, regardless of the technology or business model involved. The report also urged Congress to enact legislation to implement the framework and empower the FTC to enforce it. Similarly, the FTC released a report titled “Protecting Consumer Privacy in an Era of Rapid Change: Recommendations for Businesses and Policymakers”, which outlined a set of best practices for businesses to protect consumer privacy and foster innovation. The report also advocated for a comprehensive privacy framework that would cover both online and offline data, and apply to all entities that collect or use consumer data that can be reasonably linked to a specific consumer, computer, or device. The report also recommended that Congress consider enacting baseline privacy legislation and giving the FTC rulemaking authority to implement it. Therefore, both reports can be described as advocating a comprehensive approach to privacy enforcement, rather than a harm-based, self-regulatory, or notice and choice approach. References: White House Report, FTC Report, IAPP CIPP/US Study Guide (p. 31-32)

Illinois became the first state to pass a law specifically regulating the collection of biometric data in 2008, when it enacted the Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA). BIPA defines biometric identifiers as retina or iris scans, fingerprints, voiceprints, or scans of hand or face geometry, and biometric information as any information based on biometric identifiers used to identify an individual. BIPA requires entities that collect, store, or use biometric identifiers or information to obtain informed consent from individuals, provide written policies on data retention and destruction, limit disclosure and sale of biometric data, and protect biometric data using reasonable security measures. BIPA also provides a private right of action for individuals whose biometric data is collected, stored, or used in violation of the law, and allows them to recover statutory damages of $1,000 or actual damages, whichever is greater, for each negligent violation, and $5,000 or actual damages, whichever is greater, for each intentional or reckless violation, as well as attorneys’ fees and costs, and injunctive relief. References: U.S. Biometrics Laws Part I: An Overview of 2020, Is Biometric Information Protected by Privacy Laws?, Biometric Data Privacy Laws

Phishing is a form of social engineering that involves sending fraudulent emails or other messages that appear to come from a legitimate source, but are designed to trick recipients into revealing sensitive information, such aspasswords, account numbers, or personal identifiers1. Phishing is one of the most common and effective methods of cyberattacks, and it can lead to data breaches, identity theft, ransomware infections, or other serious consequences2. Therefore, training on how to recognize and avoid phishing attempts is crucial for any organization that handles sensitive data, especially ePHI, which is subject to strict regulations under HIPAA3. Training on techniques for identifying phishing attempts can help employees to spot the signs of a phishing email, such as:

Sender’s address or domain name that does not match the expected source or contains spelling errors4

Generic salutations or impersonal tone that do not address the recipient by name or use proper grammar4

Urgent or threatening language that creates a sense of pressure or fear and asks the recipient to take immediate action, such as clicking on a link, opening an attachment, or providing information4

Suspicious links or attachments that may contain malware or lead to fake websites that mimic the appearance of a legitimate site, but have a different URL or request login credentials or other data4

Requests for sensitive information that are unusual or out of context, such as asking for passwords, account numbers, or personal identifiers that the sender should already have or should not need4

Training on techniques for identifying phishing attempts can also help employees to learn how to respond to a phishing email, such as:

Not clicking on any links or opening any attachments in the email4

Not replying to the email or providing any information to the sender4

Reporting the email to the IT department or security team and deleting it from the inbox4

Verifying the legitimacy of the email by contacting the sender directly using a different channel, such as phone or another email address4

Updating the antivirus software and scanning the device for any malware infection4

Training on techniques for identifying phishing attempts is the most effective kind of training that CloudHealth could have given its employees to help prevent this type of data breach, because it would have enabled them to recognize the phishing email that compromised the PHI of more than 10,000 HealthCo patients, and to avoid falling victim to it. Training on the terms of the contractual agreement with HealthCo, the difference between confidential and non-public information, or CloudHealth’s HR policy regarding the role of employees involved in data breaches, while important, would not have been as effective in preventing this specific type of data breach, because they would not have addressed the root cause of the breach, which was the phishing email.

References:

1: IAPP, Phishing,

2: SpinOne, The Top 5 Phishing Awareness Training Providers 2023,

3: IAPP, HIPAA,

4: Expert Insights, The Top 11 Phishing Awareness Training and Simulation Solutions,