Free and Premium Checkpoint 156-836 Dumps Questions Answers

One of the possible causes of a failure in a single SGM of a Security Group is that an administrator imported a hotfix into the CPUSE repository of a single SGM, instead of using the orchestrator to distribute the hotfix to all the SGMs in the Security Group. This can create a mismatch in the software versions and configurations of the SGMs, and lead to unexpected behavior and errors.

References

•Maestro Expert (CCME) Course - Check Point Software, page 251

•sk172923: The /var/log/messages file does not save Maestro Gaia Clish commands2

•sk180418: Security Gateway Member (SGM) is stuck after it is added to a Security Group with image auto cloning enabled on the Single Management Object (SMO)

MHOs process traffic in Active-Active mode, which means that both MHOs are active and share theload of the traffic that is sent to and from the SGMs. Active-Active mode provides better performance and scalability than Active-Standby mode, which only uses one MHO at a time and keeps the other as a backup. Active-Active mode also allows for faster failover and recovery in case of an MHO failure, as the surviving MHO can take over the traffic without interruption.

References

•Maestro Expert (CCME) Course - Check Point Software, page 25

•CheckPoint Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) - Skillzcafe, page 2

•Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X - Global Knowledge, page 2

According to the Installing and Uninstalling a Hotfix on Quantum Maestro Orchestrators, page 1, when you apply a hotfix using gclish, the MHO distributes the hotfix to all SGMs in the SecurityGroup. The SGMs install the hotfix and reboot one by one, in ascending order of their SGM IDs. The SGMs wait for the previous SGM to finish rebooting before starting their own reboot. This ensures that there is no outage for the entire Security Group.

References = Installing and Uninstalling a Hotfix on Quantum Maestro Orchestrators, page 1; Maestro R81.10 Jumbo Hotfix install - Check Point CheckMates, page 1.

The Orchestratoris a device that connects multiple security gateways into a unified system, called a security group. It manages the configuration, policy, software, and routing of the security group, and distributes the network traffic among the security gateways using a load-balancing algorithm. It also acts as a network switch for the internal and external networks.

References = Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrator Datasheet - Check Point Software, Check Point Maestro Hyperscale Network Security, 7 Reasons to Use Check Point Maestro and … - Check Point Software

"Asg stat -v" could be a part of the core diagnostic tools, providing valuable statistics and information for manual diagnostics.

References =

•Maestro Expert (CCME) Course - Check Point Software 3

•Check Point Maestro R81.X Administration Guide 1

•Check Point Maestro R81.X Getting Started Guide 2

3: 1: 2:

The asg stat -v command is used to verify the status of Security Group Members (SGMs) during an upgrade in a Maestro environment. This command provides detailed status information, including whether SGMs are in the UP state, which is critical before proceeding with upgrades to other SGMs to ensure system stability and continuity.

Exact Extract:

“The command ‘asg stat -v’ can be used during an upgrade to verify that the upgraded Security Group Members (SGMs) have returned to UP status before upgrading other SGMs. This command provides a detailed view of the status of all SGMs in the Security Group, ensuring that the upgraded members are operational.”

—Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Lesson 4.4: System Diagnostics, page 4-16

—Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Section: System Diagnostics, page 4-13

Explanation of Options:

A. asg monitor: Incorrect, as asg monitor is used for real-time monitoring but does not provide detailed status verification for SGMs during upgrades.

B. cpview: Incorrect, as cpview provides performance and system statistics but is not specific to verifying SGM status post-upgrade.

C. asg perf -v: Incorrect, as asg perf -v focuses on performance metrics, not SGM status verification.

D. asg stat -v: Correct, as this command is explicitly used to check the UP status of SGMs during upgrades, as per the documentation.

References =

•[Maestro Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)]

•Maestro Dual Site configuration with a direct connection through L2 switches

•Dual Site Single Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrator Cluster (Dual Site Single MHO Redundancy)

•CHECK POINT MAESTRO EXPERT

HyperSync is a feature of Maestro that enables stateful synchronization of connections and resources across different sites in a Dual Site environment. HyperSync works by creating two backup connections for each active connection: one on the same site as the active connection, and another on the remote site. This ensures that the connection can be seamlessly resumed in case of afailover event, either within the same site or across the sites. HyperSync uses the Site-Sync port and VLANs to transmit the synchronization packets between the Security Group Members and the Maestro Orchestrators.

References =

•Maestro Dual Site configuration with a direct connection through L2 switches

•Maestro Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

•CHECK POINT MAESTRO EXPERT

In a Maestro Dual Site environment, the Standby Site is defined as the site that is not currently handling traffic for a specific Security Group (SG). Instead, it maintains synchronized connections with its Security Group Members (SGMs) via the Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrators (MHOs), ensuring it is ready to take over in the event of a failover. This setup enhances high availability and disaster recovery.

Exact Extract:

“In a Maestro Dual Site environment, the Standby Site is the site that is not handling any traffic for the specific Security Group, but its connections are synced to its Security Group Members (SGMs) from the Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrators (MHOs) to be ready in the event of a failover. This ensures high availability and seamless failover capabilities.”

—Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 3: Dual Orchestrator Environment, Lesson 3.1: Introduction to Dual Orchestrator Environment, page 3-7

—Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 3: Working with Security Group Modules, Section: Dual Site Configuration, page 3-9

Explanation of Options:

A. The Standby Site is the site that is not handling any traffic…: Correct, as this accurately describes the role of the Standby Site in a Dual Site environment, per the documentation.

B. There is no such thing as an active site…: Incorrect, as Maestro Dual Site environments explicitly define Active and Standby Sites, not load-balanced traffic across both sites.

C. The Standby Site is the second site to have been defined…: Incorrect, as the Standby Site is defined by its role (not handling traffic), not the order of configuration.

D. The Standby Site is the site currently handling the enforcement…: Incorrect, as this describes the Active Site, not the Standby Site.

The MHO (Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrator) does not require a license by itself, but each SGM (Security Group Module) that is attached to the MHO needs a license. The license type depends on the features and blades that are enabled on the SGM. For example, if the SGM is running VSX, it needs a VSX license.

Network mode is the distribution mode that assigns packets to an SGM based solely on the packet destination IP. In this mode, the Orchestrator uses a hash function to map each destination IP to a specific SGM. This mode ensures that all packets with the same destination IP are processed by the same SGM, regardless of the source IP or port. This mode is suitable for scenarios where the destination IP is the main factor for load balancing, such as NAT or VPN.

References

•Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 2: Maestro Security Groups, Lesson 2.4: Traffic Flow, page 2-19

•Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 2: Maestro Security Groups, Section: Traffic Distribution, page 2-7

•Maestro basic setup documentation - Page 2 - Check Point CheckMates

According to the Check Point MAESTRO R80.20SP Administration Manual1, NAT is not supported on the management network. If you configure NAT on the management network, the Orchestrator will disable NAT and allow the traffic to pass without translation. This is to ensure that the management traffic can reach the Security Group members and the SmartConsole without any issues.

References

•Check Point MAESTRO R80.20SP Administration Manual, page 291

The g_all prefix is used to run commands globally in Expert mode on all Security Group Members of the current Security Group. For example, g_all cpstop will stop the Check Point services on all SGMs. The other prefixes are not valid for global commands in Expert mode.

References

•Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Lesson 4.3: Global Commands, page 4-11

•Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Section: Global Commands, page 4-9

•Global Expert Mode Commands - Check Point CheckMates

The g_update_conf_file command is a global command that allows users to update the specified file on all Security Group Members of the current Security Group. The command takes the file name and the parameter-value pair as arguments and updates the file accordingly. For example, g_update_conf_file fwkern.conf fwha_enable_arp=1 will add or modify the fwha_enable_arp parameter in the fwkern.conf file on all SGMs.

References

•Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Lesson 4.3: Global Commands, page 4-12

•Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Section: Global Commands, page 4-10

•Maestro Commands for Security Groups - Check Point CheckMates

_tcpdump" probably collects traffic dumps from all active appliances within a security group, aligning with the naming convention and function of similar commands in scalable platforms.

References

•Maestro Expert (CCME) Course - Check Point Software, page 331

•What is ‘IN’ and ‘OUT’ of g_tcpdump? - Check Point CheckMates2

•CHECK POINT MAESTRO EXPERT, page 23

The asg_perf_hogs command is a script that displays the processes that are consuming excessive system resources, such as CPU, memory, disk, and network, on the orchestrator and the appliances. It can help identify performance issues and bottlenecks in the Maestro environment.

References

•Software Provision and Performance hogs failed - Check Point CheckMates1

•CHECK POINT MAESTRO EXPERT, page 33

The cpinfo command is a tool that collects diagnostic information about the orchestrator, such as hardware, software, network, configuration, and logs. The cpinfo command generates a file that can be sent to Check Point Support for analysis and troubleshooting. The cpinfo command can be run on the orchestrator’s CLI or WebUI.

References =

•Check Point Maestro R81.X Administration Guide, page 68, section “cpinfo” 1

•Check Point Maestro R81.X Getting Started Guide, page 30, section “cpinfo” 2

•Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrator Datasheet - Check Point Software 3

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References

•Maestro R80.30SP Jumbo Hotfix Accumulator, Section: Important Notes

•Check Point Maestro R80.30SP with Gaia 3.10, Section: Known Limitations

•Check Point SNMP MIB files, Section: Revision History

This is the correct answer because it follows the upgrade order and procedure specified in the R81.10 and R81.20 Administration Guides for Maestro environments. The MHOs are responsible for managing and synchronizing the SGMs, so they must be upgraded to the target version before the SGMs. However, the SGMs can be upgraded one by one or in batches, as long as they arecompatible with the MHOs. The upgrade process also supports Multi-Version Clustering, which allows different versions of SGMs to operate in the same Security Group with zero downtime.

References =

•Check Point R81.10 for Scalable Platforms - Check Point Software

•Check Point R81.20 for Scalable Platforms - Check Point Software

•CHECK POINT MAESTRO EXPERT

In a Check Point Maestro environment, a splitter is used to divide a single high-speed port (e.g., QSFP or QSFP28) into multiple lower-speed ports (e.g., SFP or SFP+). However, a splitter cannot be used to connect a single port on an Orchestrator to the same Appliance, as this would not align with the purpose of a splitter, which is to expand connectivity to multiple devices or ports, not to loop back to a single device.

Exact Extract:

“A splitter is used to divide a single high-speed port on the Orchestrator (e.g., QSFP or QSFP28) into multiple lower-speed ports (e.g., SFP or SFP+). Splitters are typically used to connect a single Orchestrator port to multiple ports on an external switch or to multiple Appliances. However, a splitter cannot be used to connect a single Orchestrator port to the same Appliance, as this does not align with the splitter’s purpose of expanding connectivity.”

—Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 3: Dual Orchestrator Environment, Lesson 3.2: Connectivity Options, page 3-10

—Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 3: Working with Security Group Modules, Section: Connectivity, page 3-10

Explanation of Options:

A. To connect a single port on an Orchestrator to the same Appliance: Correct, as a splitter is not designed for this purpose and cannot be used to connect an Orchestrator port to a single Appliance.

B. To connect a single port on an Orchestrator to multiple ports on an external switch: Incorrect, as this is a valid use case for a splitter.

C. To connect a single port on an Appliance to multiple ports on the Orchestrator: Incorrect, as splitters can be used in configurations where an Appliance connects to multipleOrchestrator ports.

D. To connect a single port on an Orchestrator to multiple Appliances: Incorrect, as this is another valid use case for a splitter.

The "asg monitor" command generally would show real-time cluster status of appliances in a security group, focusing on health and operational status.

An uplink interface in a Check Point Maestro environment is specifically used to connect Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrators (MHOs) to the customer’s network infrastructure, such as switches, routers, or firewalls. These interfaces facilitate the transmission and reception of management and control traffic between the MHOs and the customer’s network. They are critical for integrating the Maestro system with the external network environment.

Exact Extract:

“Uplink interfaces are used to connect Maestro Hyperscale Orchestrators (MHOs) to the customer’s network infrastructure, such as switches, routers, or firewalls. They are also used to send and receive management and control traffic from the customer’s network to the MHOs.”

—Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 1: Introduction to Check Point Maestro, Lesson 1.3: Maestro Interfaces, page 1-10

—Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 1: Introduction to Check Point Maestro, Section: Interfaces, page 1-8

Explanation of Options:

A. To connect in between appliances: Incorrect, as uplink interfaces are not used to connect appliances (Security Group Members) to each other. This is typically handled by downlink interfaces or internal backplane connections.

B. To connect appliances to customer's infrastructure: Incorrect, as appliances (SGMs) connect to the Orchestrators via downlink interfaces, not directly to the customer’s infrastructure.

C. To connect Orchestrators to customer’s infrastructure: Correct, as uplink interfaces are explicitly designed for this purpose, as stated in the courseware and administration guide.

D. To connect in between Orchestrators: Incorrect, as connections between Orchestrators (e.g., in a Dual-Site setup) are typically handled via site-sync ports, not uplink interfaces.

HealthCheck Point (HCP) is a tool designed to perform a comprehensive system health check for the Maestro environment. It is intended to replace both the CPInfo tool and traditional health check scripts by providing a streamlined way to assess the health of Maestro Orchestrators (MHOs) and Security Group Members (SGMs). HCP evaluates system status, configuration, and potential issues, generating detailed reports for troubleshooting and maintenance.

Exact Extract:

“HealthCheck Point (HCP) performs a system health check and is meant to replace both a CPInfo and the health check script. It assesses the health of the Maestro environment, including MHOs and SGMs, by checking system status, configuration settings, and potential issues. HCP provides detailed reports to aid in troubleshooting and maintenance.”

—Check Point Certified Maestro Expert (CCME) R81.X Courseware, Module 4: Using theCommand Line Interface and WebUI, Lesson 4.4: System Diagnostics, page 4-15

—Check Point R81 Maestro Administration Guide, Chapter 4: Using the Command Line Interface and WebUI, Section: HealthCheck Point, page 4-12

Explanation of Options:

A. Is a self-updatable suite of tools for MHOs…: Incorrect, as HCP is not limited to MHOs and does not focus on visualizing topology or event timelines. It is a general health check tool for the entire Maestro environment.

B. Performs a system health check and is meant to replace both a CPInfo and the health check script: Correct, as HCP’s primary function is to perform system health checks, replacing CPInfo and health check scripts, as per the documentation.

C. Can be used to let you visualize the Firewall topology…: Incorrect, as HCP does not provide visualization of firewall topology or live statistics like throughput and CPU utilization.

D. Is a self-updatable suite of tools for SGMs…: Incorrect, as HCP is not exclusive to SGMs and does not include topology visualization or event timeline features.